DVD-audio disk, and apparatus and method for playing the same

ABSTRACT

A DVD-Audio which includes a data zone for storing data to be reproduced and an information zone for storing information on the data to be reproduced. The information zone includes directories of a video title set (VIDEO_TS) and an audio title set (AUDIO_TS). The AUDIO_TS directory includes information on an audio manager (AMG) having information on audio titles. The data zone includes the audio titles each having an audio title set information (ATSI) followed by a plurality of contiguous audio objects (AOBs). The ATSI includes a plurality of audio stream attributes each having an audio coding mode, first to third quantization bit numbers, first to third sampling frequencies and decoding algorithm information relating to the number of audio channels. Each of the AOBs includes a plurality of audio packs recorded with audio data corresponding to the decoding algorithm stored in the audio stream attribute.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] The present invention relates to a digital versatile disk (DVD),and an apparatus and method for playing the DVD, and more particularly,to an audio DVD (hereinafter referred to as “DVD-Audio”) and anapparatus and method for playing the same.

[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art

[0004] Recently, there has been developed a so-called video DVD(hereinafter referred to as “DVD-Video”), which has a considerablyhigher storage capacity than a laser disk (LD) so as to realize asignificantly improved picture and sound quality. If the DVD is employedto store and retrieve only audio data, such DVD is called a DVD-Audio.The DVD-Audio provides means for storing and retrieving a large amountof audio data having a significantly improved quality compared to acompact disk (CD) or a digital audio tape (DAT).

[0005] The conventional CD stores an audio signal as linear pulse codemodulated (PCM) audio data quantized into 16 bits by employing asampling frequency of 44.1 KHz. The digital data stored in the CD isconverted into analog signals by means of a CD player. The CD is muchmore convenient to use as compared to the previous microgroovephonograph record (LP), but is regarded as having a lower sound qualitythan the analog LP. This is because the audio signals are sampled at44.1 KHz and quantized into 16 bits to be stored into a CD. Moreover,the audible frequency range may be over 20 KHz, and the dynamic rangemust be over 120 dB. In addition, the CD can only store audio signals ofat most two channels, and therefore is impossible to store and reproducethe audio data concerned with multi-channel music. In thesecircumstances, there have been proposed various methods to improve thesound quality of the CD by increasing the numbers of the samplingfrequency and the audio channels.

[0006] The DVD provides means to record video and audio data at highdensity. In this case, the video data is recorded in the MPEG (MovingPicture Expert Group) while the audio data is recorded in the linear PCMformat, dolby AC-3 format, MPEG format, etc. Hence, the DVD-Video playeris designed to reproduce both video and audio data recorded in aDVD-Video. Such a DVD-Video prepared to necessarily store video data isvery uneconomical in view of the storage space when used for storingaudio data only.

[0007] The audio data recorded in a DVD-Video has a much higher qualitythan that in a CD since the audio data of the DVD has a higher samplingfrequency and larger numbers of quantization bits and channels than thatof the CD. Namely, the DVD player reproduces high quality audio data inmultiple channels.

[0008] The DVD is possible to transfer data at 10.08 Mbps at most. Thismakes it possible to reproduce data sampled at 192 KHz in two channels.This also approaches the maximum sampling frequency proposed as aprerequisite for the next advanced audio system at the Advanced DigitalAudio Conference held in Japan in April, 1996. Thus, if audio data arerecorded in a DVD-Audio, the DVD player may reproduce sounds of asignificantly improved quality over that reproduced from the DVD-Video.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] It is an object of the present invention to provide a DVD-Audiofor storing digital audio signals sampled at the maximum samplingfrequency and quantized in the maximum number of bits with the number ofchannels limited by the data transfer speed in linear PCM.

[0010] It is another object of the present invention to provide aDVD-Audio for compressively coding digital audio signals sampled at themaximum sampling frequency and quantized in the maximum number of bitsand storing them with the number of channels limited by the datatransfer speed and the coding system in linear PCM.

[0011] It is still another object of the present invention to provide aDVD player for playing a DVD-Audio recorded in linear PCM and a methodtherefor.

[0012] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a DVDplayer for playing a DVD-Audio recorded with audio data compressivelycoded and a method therefor.

[0013] It is further another object of the present invention to providea DVD player for properly playing a DVD-Video or DVD-Audio bydistinguishing them.

[0014] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a DVD-Audioincludes a data zone for storing data to be reproduced and aninformation zone for storing information on the data, the informationzone including directories of a video title set (VIDEO_TS) and an audiotitle set (AUDIO_TS), wherein the AUDIO_TS directory includesinformation on an audio manager (AMG) having information on audiotitles, wherein the data zone includes the audio titles each havingaudio title set information (ATSI) followed by a plurality of contiguousaudio objects (AOBs), the ATSI includes a plurality of audio streamattributes each having an audio coding mode indicator, first to thirdquantization bit numbers, first to third sampling frequencies anddecoding algorithm information relating to the number of audio channels,and each of the AOBs includes a plurality of audio packs recorded withaudio data corresponding to the decoding algorithm stored in the audiostream attribute.

[0015] According to a second aspect, an apparatus for playing theinventive DVD-Audio includes a data receiver for receiving the audiodata retrieved from the DVD-Audio, a controller for generating an audiocontrol signal containing an audio coding mode indicator, a samplingfrequency, a channel number and quantization information by analyzinginformation on the audio data or stopping the playing operationaccording to whether the AUDIO_TS is detected to have effective data, anaudio decoder to decode the received audio data and to multi-channelmix, sampling-frequency convert and requantize the decoded audio signalaccording to the audio control signal, and an audio output circuit toconvert the decoded audio data into an analog audio signal.

[0016] According to a third aspect, a method for playing the inventiveDVD-Audio includes the steps of locating the AMG when the AUDIO_TSdirectory includes an effective data, checking out all information ofthe DVD-Audio from the information of the AMG, reading the data of theposition of an audio title selected according to the positioninformation of the AMG when receiving a command for reproducing theaudio title, and setting the audio decoder to carry out the algorithmfor reproducing the audio title by reading the audio stream attribute ofthe audio title set information management table (ATSI_AMT).

[0017] The present invention will now be described more specificallywith reference to the drawings attached only by way of example.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018]FIG. 1 is an example of the directory structure of a DVD;

[0019]FIG. 2 is an example of the logical data structure of a DVD;

[0020]FIG. 3 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of the videomanager (VMG) and VTS;

[0021]FIG. 4 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of the VMG of aDVD;

[0022]FIG. 5 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a titlesearch pointer table (TT_SRPT) of a DVD;

[0023]FIG. 6 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a videotitle set information (VTSI);

[0024]FIG. 7 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a videotitle set management table (VTSI_MAT);

[0025]FIG. 8A is a diagram for illustrating the structure of the videotitle set audio stream attribute table (VTS_AST_ATRT);

[0026]FIG. 8B is a diagram for illustrating the internal structure ofVTS_AST_ATRT;

[0027]FIG. 9A is a diagram for illustrating the structure of amulti-channel audio stream attribute table of a video title set(VTS_MU_AST_ATRT);

[0028]FIG. 9B is a diagram for illustrating the structure of amulti-channel audio stream attribute (1) of a video title set(VTS_MU_AST_ATR(1));

[0029]FIGS. 9C and 9D are diagrams for illustrating the structure of theVTS_MU_AST_ATR(2);

[0030]FIG. 10 is a diagram for illustrating a logical structure of theDVD-Audio;

[0031]FIG. 11 is a diagram for illustrating the structures of an audiomanager (AMG) and audio title set (ATS) of the DVD-Audio;

[0032]FIG. 12 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of an audiomanager information (AMGI) of the DVD-Audio;

[0033]FIG. 13 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a titlesearch pointer table (TT_SRPT) of the DVD-Audio;

[0034]FIG. 14 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of an audiotitle set information (ATSI) of the DVD-Audio;

[0035]FIG. 15 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of an audiotitle set information management table (ATSI_MAT) of the DVD-Audio;

[0036]FIG. 16 is a diagram for illustrating the internal structure of anaudio stream attribute of an audio title set menu (ATSM_AST_ATR) of theDVD-Audio;

[0037]FIG. 17A is a diagram for illustrating the structure of an audiostream attribute table of an audio title set (ATS_AST_ATRT) of theDVD-Audio;

[0038]FIG. 17B is a diagram for illustrating the structure of an audiostream attribute of an audio title set (ATS_AST_ATR) of the DVD-Audio;

[0039]FIG. 18A is a diagram for illustrating the structure of amulti-channel audio stream attribute of an audio title set(ATS_MU_AST_ATR) of the DVD-Audio;

[0040]FIG. 18B is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a firstextension of a multi-channel audio stream attribute of an audio titleset (ATS_MU_AST_ATR_EXT(1)) of the DVD-Audio;

[0041]FIG. 18C is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a secondextension of a multi-channel audio stream attribute of the audio titleset (ATS_MU_AST_ATR_EXT(2)) of the DVD-Audio;

[0042]FIG. 19 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of an audioobject set (AOBS) of the DVD-Audio;

[0043]FIG. 20 is a diagram for illustrating a pack structure of theDVD-Audio;

[0044]FIGS. 21A to 21D are diagrams for illustrating various packstructures of the DVD-Audio;

[0045]FIG. 22 is a diagram for illustrating a linear PCM audio packet inthe audio pack as shown in FIG. 21A;

[0046]FIG. 23 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a linearPCMA audio frame of the DVD-Audio;

[0047]FIGS. 24A to 24C are diagrams for illustrating a sample dataarrangement of the linear PCM;

[0048]FIG. 25 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a linearaudio packet of the DVD-Audio;

[0049]FIG. 26 is a diagram for illustrating the structure of a DTS audiopacket of the DVD-Audio;

[0050]FIG. 27 is a block diagram for illustrating the functionalstructure of a DVD-Audio player according to a first embodiment of thepresent invention;

[0051]FIG. 28 is a block diagram for illustrating the structure of anaudio decoder as shown in FIG. 27;

[0052]FIG. 29 is a block diagram for illustrating the functionalstructure of a DVD-Audio/DVD-Video player according to a secondembodiment of the present invention;

[0053]FIG. 30 is a block diagram for illustrating the structure of anaudio/video decoder as shown in FIG. 29;

[0054]FIG. 31 is a flow chart for illustrating the process ofreproducing audio data from a DVD-Audio in the DVD-Audio player; and

[0055]FIG. 32 is a flow chart for illustrating the operation of an audiodecoder in the DVD-Audio player.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0056] In the attached drawings, the same reference numerals are used torepresent parts serving the same functions and detailed descriptions areomitted concerning the parts not essential to describe the inventiveconcept, for convenience's sake.

[0057] The data structure of the DVD-Audio is similar to that of theDVD-Video. Hence, the DVD-Audio includes a data zone to record the audiodata and an information zone to record the information on the audiodata. The DVD player may be embodied in the form of a DVD-Audio playeror a DVD-Audio/Video player. Of course, the DVD player has a mechanismto determine whether an inserted DVD is a DVD-Audio or DVD-Video. Theinventive DVD-Audio has almost the same structure as the DVD-Video withsome partly changed data structure to achieve the audio data of highquality.

[0058] The fundamental file structure recorded in the information zoneof the DVD-Audio is as shown in FIG. 1 for illustrating a directorystructure for the DVD-Video and DVD-Audio. The directory structuregenerally includes a video title set directory (VIDEO_TS), audio titleset directory (AUDIO_TS) and a user defined directory. Each of thedirectories contains a plurality of files of which the names shall beassigned. The directory structure is to represent the locations of thefiles in the disk. The files connected to the VIDEO_TS are prepared forthe DVD-Video and DVD-Video player while those connected to the AUDIO_TSare prepared for the DVD-Audio and DVD-Audio player.

[0059] Generally, each of the DVD-Video and DVD-Audio contains bothVIDEO_TS and AUDIO_TS. However, the DVD-Video has the AUDIO_TS emptied(all of the information on the data stored in the DVD-Video disk beingcontained in the VIDEO_TS) while the DVD-Audio has the AUDIO_TScontaining the information on the positions of the audio titles recordedon the disk and the VIDEO_TS also containing the information on thepositions of the titles of reproducible information (spec: e.g.,sampling-frequency) in the DVD-Video player. Hence, if a DVD has noeffective data in the AUDIO_TS, it is determined as being DVD-Video, orotherwise, i.e., if the DVD player detects effective data in theAUDIO_TS, it determines the disk as being DVD-Audio. Namely, the DVDplayer detects the AUDIO_TS of a DVD to distinguish DVD-Video andDVD-Audio.

[0060] The logical data structure of DVD-Video is illustrated in FIG. 1.The concept of the logical data structure of DVD-Video includesstructure of a volume space, structure of a video manager (VMG),structure of a video title set. (VTS), and structure of a video objectset (VOBS).

[0061] Describing the logical data structure of the volume space, withreference to FIG. 2, it includes the volume and file structure, singleDVD-Video zone and DVD others zone. The DVD-Video zone, which shall beassigned for the data structure of the DVD-Video, includes a single VMGand VTSs numbering from at least 1 to a maximum of 99. The VMG isallocated at the leading part of the DVD-Video zone. Each VTS includesbetween 3 and 12 files.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 3 for illustrating the VMG and VTS structure,all VOBs are recorded in contiguous blocks. Each VOB includes video,audio and sub-picture data. The VMG includes a video manager informationfile (VMGI) as control data, video manager menu file of the VOBs(VMGM_VOBS) and VGMI backup file. Each VTS includes VTSI as controldata, a video title set menu of VOBS (VTSM_VOBS), a video title settitle of VOBS (VTSTT_VOBS) and a VTSI backup file. The VTSTT_VOBSincludes a plurality of cells (C_IDN). In the drawing, C_IDN# indicatescell ID number within a VOBS, and VOB_IDN# VOB ID number within a VOBS.

[0063] Referring to FIG. 4, the VMGI describes information on therelated VIDEO_TS directory. The VMGI starts with a video managerinformation management table (VMGI_MAT), followed by a title searchpointer table (TT_SRPT), followed by a video manager menu PGCI unittable (VMGM_PGCI_UT), followed by a parental management informationtable (PTL_MAIT), followed by a video title set attribute table(VTS_ATRT), followed by a text data manager (TXTDT_MG), followed by avideo manager menu cell address table (VMGM_C_ADT), followed by a videomanager menu video object unit address map (VMGM_VOBU_ADMAP).

[0064] Referring to FIG. 5 for describing search information of a videotitle under the VIDEO_TS directory, the TT_SRPT starts with TT_SRPTinformation (TT_SRPTI) followed by title search pointers (TT_SRPs) forevery title under the VIDEO_TS directory. The title number # ranges from1 to 99.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 6, the VTSI provides information for one ormore video titles and the video title set menu (VTSM). The VTSIdescribes the management information of these titles such as theinformation to search the part_of title (PTT) and the information toplay back the video object set (VOBS), and the video title set menu(VTSM), as well as the information on the attribute of the VOBS.

[0066] The VTSI starts with a video title set information managementtable (VTSI_MAT), followed by a video title set part_of_title searchpointer table (VTS_PTT_SPRT), followed by a video title set programchain information table (VTS_PGCIT), followed by a video title set menuPGCI unit table (VTSM_PGCI_UT), followed by a video title set time maptable (VTS_TMAPT), followed by a video title set menu cell address table(VTSM_C_ADT), followed by a video title set menu video object unitaddress map (VTSM_VOBU_ADMAP), followed by a video title set celladdress table (VTS_C_ADT), followed by a video title set video objectunit address map (VTS_VOBU_ADMAP) as shown in FIG. 6.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 7, the VTSI_MAT describes the start address ofeach piece of information in the VTSI and the attribute of the VOBS inthe VTS. In this VTSI_MAT, the audio stream attribute table of the VTS(VTS_AST_ATRT) of RBP 516 to 579 stores 8 VTS_AST_ATRs #0 to #7 as shownin FIG. 8A. Each VTS_AST_ATR includes 8 bytes arranged as shown in FIG.8B. Each field value represents the internal information of the audiostream of the VTSM_VOBS. Describing the contents of one VTS_AST_ATR withreference to FIG. 8B, the audio coding mode of b63 to b61 is as shown inthe following Table 1: TABLE 1 b63-b61 Audio Coding Mode 000b Dolby AC-3010b MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 without extension bit stream 011b MPEG-2 withextension bitstream 100b Linear PCM audio 110b DTS (option) 111b SDDS(option) Others reserved

[0068] The multichannel extension of b60 is to store information onwhether the multichannel extension is made or not. Namely, 0b representsthe multichannel extension not selected while 1b represents themultichannel extension selected according to the information of theVTS_MU_AST_ATRT recorded in RBP 792 to 983 of the VTSI_MAT shown in FIG.7.

[0069] The audio type of b59 to b58 is as shown in Table 2. TABLE 2b59-b58 audio type 00b Not specified 01b Language included othersreserved

[0070] The audio application mode of b57 to b56 is as shown in thefollowing Table 3. TABLE 3 b57-b56 audio application mode 00b Notspecified 01b Karaoke mode 10b Surround mode 11b reserved

[0071] For the quantization/DRC of b55 to b54, when the audio codingmode is ‘000b’, ‘11b’ is recorded. When the audio coding mode is ‘010b’or ‘011b’, the quantization/DRC is defined as: 00b: Dynamic rangecontrol data do not exist in MPEG audio stream

[0072] 01b: Dynamic range control data exist in MPEG audio stream

[0073] 10b: reserved

[0074] 11b: reserved

[0075] When the audio coding mode ‘10b’, then the quantization/DRC isdefined as in the following Table 4. TABLE 4 b55-b54 Quantization DRC00b 16 bits 01b 20 bits 10b 24 bits 11b reserved

[0076] The sampling frequency fs of b53 to b52 is as shown in Table 5.TABLE 5 b53-b52 fs 00b 48 KHz 01b 96 KHz 10b reserved 11b reserved

[0077] The number of audio channels stored in b50 to b48 is as shown inTable 6. TABLE 6 b50-b48 No. of Audio Channels 000b 1 ch (mono) 001b 2ch (stereo) 010b 3 ch (multichannel) 011b 4 ch (multichannel) 100b 5 ch(multichannel) 101b 6 ch (multichannel) 110b 7 ch (multichannel) 111b 8ch (multichannel) others reserved

[0078] In addition, the multichannel audio stream attribute table of theVTS of RBP 792 to 983 in the VTSI_MAT of FIG. 7 provides theVTS_MU_AST_ATRs #0 to #7 of 8 audio streams as shown in FIG. 9A. EachVTS_MU_AST_ATR includes a VTS_MU_AST_ATR (1) of 8 bytes as shown in FIG.9B and a VTS_MU_AST_ATR (2) of 16 bytes as shown in FIGS. 9C and 9D.

[0079] Thus, the information zone VIDEO_TS of the DVD-Video isconstructed as shown in FIGS. 2 to 9D. Such a DVD-Video stores bothvideo and audio data, and therefore can not provide audio data of goodquality. Hence, it is impossible to record the audio data on a DVD-Videoat the maximum rate 10.08 Mbps of the DVD. Namely, the maximum bit rateto record the audio data on the DVD-Video is 6.75 Mbps, and the maximumsampling frequency 96 KHz. The linear PCM multichannel audio datarecorded on the DVD-Video is as shown in Table 7. TABLE 7 Maximum NumberMaximum of Bit fs Qb Channels Rate 48 KHz 16 bit 8 ch 6.144 Mbps 48 KHz20 bit 6 ch 5.760 Mbps 48 KHz 24 bit 5 ch 5.760 Mbps 96 KHz 16 bit 4 ch6.144 Mbps 96 KHz 20 bit 3 ch 5.760 Mbps 96 KHz 24 bit 2 ch 4.608 Mbps

[0080] The present invention is to provide a DVD-Audio for recordingonly audio data not including video data. Hence, the DVD-Audio can storemultichannel audio data in the range of the maximum bit rate 10.08 Mbpsof the DVD, which is different from the DVD-Video. Thus, the DVD-Audiomay use the sampling frequency of at most 192 KHz, and extend the numberof the audio channels to 13.

[0081] The file structure stored in the information zone of theDVD-Audio is essentially the same as shown in FIG. 1. The files includedin the AUDIO_TS directory are to provide for the DVD-Audio and itsplayer. Hence, the DVD-Audio has both AUDIO_TS and VIDEO_TS, where theVIDEO_TS stores the positional information of the VMG and titles whichare reproducible in a DVD-Video player. The AUDIO_TS stores thepositional information of the AMG and titles which are reproducible in aDVD-Audio player. The DVD player determines whether an inserted DVD isDVD-Audio or not by checking the contents of the audio title setdirectory AUDIO_TS.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 10, the logical data structure of the DVD-Audioincludes structure of a volume space, structure of an audio manager(AMG), structure of an audio title set (ATS), and structure of an audioobject set (AOBS). The volume space includes the volume and filestructure, a single DVD-Audio zone and DVD others zone. The DVD-Audiozone, which is assigned for the data structure of the DVD-Audio,includes a single AMG and VTSS numbering from at least 1 to a maximum of99. The AMG is allocated at the leading part of the DVD-Audio zone,including 2 or 3 files. Each VTS includes between 3 and 12 files.

[0083] The AMG and ATS are structured similar to the VMG and VTS of theDVD-Video, as shown in FIGS. 11-17C. However, the data structure for thelinear PCM and pseudo-lossless psychoacoustic coded data (PLPCD) of theDVD-Audio is not proper for processing the linear PCM, lossless codeddata or PLPCD according to the new sampling frequency of the DVD-Audio.Therefore, the data structures of the AMG and ATS are made somewhatdifferent from that of the VMG and VTS. Namely, the part allocated forthe sampling frequency and channel number in the part allocated for theaudio attribute of the VMG and VTS is extended for the AMG and ATS.

[0084] Referring to FIG. 11 for illustrating the AMG and ATS structures,all AOBs are recorded in contiguous blocks. The AMG includes an audiomanager information file (AMGI) as control data, an audio manager menufile of the AOBs (AMGM_AOBS) and an AGMI backup file. Each ATS includesATSI as control data, an audio title set menu of AOBS (ATSM_AOBS), anaudio title set title of AOBS (ATSTT_AOBS) and an ATSI backup file. TheATSTT_AOBS includes a plurality of cells (C_IDN). In the drawing, C_IDN#indicates cell ID number within an AOBS, and AOB_IDN# AOB ID numberwithin an AOBS.

[0085] Referring to FIG. 12, the AMGI describes information on therelated AUDIO_TS directory. The AMGI starts with an audio managerinformation management table (AMGI_MAT), followed by a title searchpointer table (TT_SRPT), followed by an audio manager menu PGCI unittable (AMGM_PGCI_UT), followed by a parental management informationtable (PTL_MAIT), followed by an audio title set attribute table(ATS_ATRT), followed by a text data manager (TXTDT_MG), followed by anaudio manager menu cell address table (AMGM_C_ADT), followed by an audiomanager menu audio object unit address map (AMGM_AOBU_ADMAP).

[0086] Referring to FIG. 13 for describing search information of anaudio title under the VIDEO_TS directory, the TT_SRPT starts withTT_SRPT information (TT_SRPTI) followed by title search pointers(TT_SRPs) for every title under the AUDIO_TS directory. The title number# ranges from 1 to 99.

[0087] Referring to FIG. 14, the ATSI provides information for one ormore audio titles and audio title set menu (ATSM). The ATSI describesthe management information of these titles such as the information tosearch the part_of title (PTT) and the information to play back theaudio object set (AOBS), and the audio title set menu (ATSM), as well asthe information on the attribute of the AOBS.

[0088] The ATSI starts with audio title set information management table(ATSI_MAT), followed by an audio title set part_of_title search pointertable (ATS_PTT_SPRT), followed by an audio title set program chaininformation table (ATS_PGCIT), followed by an audio title set menu PGCIunit table (ATSM_PGCI_UT), followed by an audio title set time map table(ATS_TMAPT), followed by an audio title set menu cell address table(ATSM_C_ADT), followed by an audio title set menu audio object unitaddress map (ATSM_AOBU_ADMAP), followed by an audio title set celladdress table (ATS_C_ADT), followed by an audio title set audio objectunit address map (ATS_AOBU_ADMAP) as shown in FIG. 14.

[0089] Referring to FIG. 15, the ATSI_MAT describes the start address ofeach information in the ATSI and the attribute of the AOBS in the ATS.The ATSI_MAT is provided with ATSM_AST_ATR of RBP 260 to 267,ATS_AST_ATRT of RBP 516 to 579 and ATS_MU_AST_ATR_EXT of RBP 792 to1298.

[0090] The audio coding mode of the ATSM_AST_ATR and ATS_AST_ATRT storesthe coding information of the audio data recorded in the DVD-Audio. Thepresent embodiment describes the recording on the DVD-Audio of the audiodata of lossless psychoacoustic coding and pseudo-losslesspsychoacoustic coding (hereinafter referred to as “psychoacousticcoding”). In addition, it is assumed that the psychoacoustic coding modeis performed with a DTS coding system, which may support the losslesspsychoacoustic coding and pseudo-lossless psychoacoustic coding. In thiscase, the DTS coding mode is optional, and if b63 to b61 is ‘110b’, theDTS audio coding mode is selected.

[0091] For the change of ATSM_AST_ATR, the data pattern and definitionof b55 to b48 are changed. Namely, the sampling frequency data of b53 tob52 is changed, and the reserved bit of b51 is included in the audiochannels, as shown in FIG. 16. Thus, the audio sampling frequency fs ischanged as shown in Table 8. TABLE 8 b53-b52 b51 fs 00b 0 48 KHz 01b 096 KHz 10b 0 192 KHz 11b 0 reserved 00b 1 44.1 KHz 01b 1 88.2 KHz 10b 1176.4 KHz 11b 1 reserved

[0092] In addition, the number of the audio channels is changed as shownin Tables 9a and 9b. TABLE 9a Number of b51-b48 Audio Channels 0000b  1ch (mono) 0001b  2 ch (stereo) 0010b  3 ch (multichannel) 0011b  4 ch(multichannel) 0100b  5 ch (multichannel) 0101b  6 ch (multichannel)0110b  7 ch (multichannel) 0111b  8 ch (multichannel) 1000b  9 ch(multichannel) 1001b 10 ch (multichannel) 1010b 11 ch (multichannel)1011b 12 ch (multichannel)

[0093] TABLE 9b 1100b 13 ch (multichannel) 1101b 14 ch (multichannel)1110b 15 ch (multichannel) 1111b 16 ch (multichannel)

[0094] The ATS_AST_ATRT of RBP 516 to 579 in the ATSI_MAT as shown inFIG. 15 stores ATS_AST_ATRs of 8 audio streams #0 to #7 as shown in FIG.17A, each of which includes 8 bytes structured as shown in FIG. 17B, andeach field value serves as the internal information of the audio streamof the ATSM_AOBS.

[0095] The data pattern and definition of b55 to b48 are changed asshown in FIG. 17B. Namely, in b55 to b48 of the VTS_AST_ATRT as shown inFIG. 8B, the reserved bit of b51 is included in the audio channels.Consequently, the audio sampling frequency fs is changed as shown inTable 8 while the number of the audio channels is changed as shown inTables 9a and 9b.

[0096] In the ATS_MU_AST_ATRT, the information as shown in FIGS. 18B and18C are added to the information of FIGS. 9B and 9C. TheATS_MU_AST_ATR(1) and ATS_MU_AST_ATR(2) provide the information on theaudio data and channel mixing coefficients up to 8 channels, andtherefore can not provide the information on the linear PCM audio over 8channels. The present invention may provide up to 13 channels, so thatthe information from the 9th channel to the 13th channel are recorded inthe reserved regions after the ATS_MU_AST_ATR(1) and ATS_MU_AST_ATR(2).Referring to FIG. 18A, the ATS_MU_AST_ATRT provides 13 ATS_MU_AST_ATRs#0 to #12 each having 39 bytes to store the information on 13 audiochannels and the mixing coefficients.

[0097] Each ATS_MU_AST_ATR includes the audio channel information asshown in FIG. 18B and the mixing coefficient information as shown inFIG. 18C. FIG. 18B illustrates only the information of the extended fiveaudio channels ATS_MU_AST_ATR_EXT(1), while omitting theATS_MU_AST_ATR(1) for storing the data information of the 8 audiochannels. Likewise, FIG. 18C illustrates only the information of theextended five audio channels ATS_MU_AST_ATR_EXT(2), while omitting theATS_MU_AST_ATR(2) for storing the data information of the 8 audiochannels.

[0098] The ATSI_MAT represents the information on the audio datarecorded on the DVD-Audio, forming the first part of each audio titleand followed by the AOBS of substantial audio data. Of course, theVTSI_MAT as shown in FIG. 7 represent also the information on the videodata, sub-picture data and audio data recorded on the DVD-Video, formingthe first part of each video title and followed by the VOBS ofsubstantial data. The AOBS is structured as shown in FIG. 19, providinga plurality of audio packs to store the audio data. Likewise, the VOBSis structured similar to FIG. 19, providing a plurality of video packs,sub-picture packs and audio packs to respectively store the video data,sub-picture data and audio data.

[0099] The structure of the AOBS is similar to that of the VOBS, andtherefore description of the structure of the VOBS will help understandthe structure of the AOBS. The VOBS includes a plurality of videoobjects VOB_IDN1 to VOB_IDNi, each of which in turn includes a pluralityof cells C_IDN1 to C_IDNj, each of which in turn includes a plurality ofvideo object units VOBUs, each of which in turn includes a plurality ofvideo packs.

[0100] The video data recorded in a DVD-Video includes a plurality ofpacks, whose structure is illustrated in FIG. 20 without a paddingpacket. Referring to FIG. 20, one pack has a size of 2048 bytesincluding a pack header of 14 bytes and a plurality of packets forvideo, audio, sub-picture, DSI or PCI of 2034 bytes. Further, the packetheader includes a pack start code of 4 bytes, SCR of 6 bytes,program_mux_rate of 3 bytes and stuffing_length of 1 byte.

[0101] Referring to FIG. 21A, the linear PCM audio pack includes a packheader of 14 bytes and a linear audio packet of 2034 bytes. The audiopacket includes a packet header of 1 byte, sub_stream_id of 1 byte,audio frame information of 3 bytes and linear PCM audio data of 1 to2013 bytes.

[0102] Referring to FIG. 21B, the dolby AC-3 audio pack includes a packheader of 14 bytes and a dolby AC-3 audio packet of 2034 bytes. Theaudio packet further includes a packet header of 1 byte, sub_stream_idof 1 byte, audio frame information of 3 bytes and AC-3 audio data of 1to 2016 bytes.

[0103]FIG. 21C illustrates the structure of an MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 audiopack without an extension bit stream, and FIG. 21D the structure ofMPEG-2 with an extension stream. The structures of the audio packs asshown in FIGS. 21A to 21D are shown in Table 10, additionally providedwith private data areas corresponding to their formats. TABLE 10 FieldBit Byte Value Comment packet_start_(—) 24 3 00 0001h code_prefixstream_id 8 1 1011 1101b private_(—) stream_1 PES_packet_(—) 16 2 length‘10’ 2 3 PES_scrambling_(—) 2 3 00b not control scrambled PES_priority 13 0 no priority data_alignment_(—) 1 3 0 not indicator defined bydescriptor copyright 1 3 0 not defined by descriptor original_or_(—) 1 31 or 0 original: 1 copy copy: 0 PTS_DTS_flags 2 3 10 or 00b ESCR_flag 13 0 no ESCR field ES_rate_flag 1 3 0 no EST rate field DSTM_trick_(—) 13 0 no trick mode_flag mode field additional_copy_(—) 1 3 0 no copyinfo_flag info field PES_CRC_flag 1 3 0 no CRC field PES_extension_(—) 13 0 or 1 flag PES_header_(—) 8 3 0 to 15 data_length ‘0010’ 4 5 providerNote 1 defined PTS [32 . . . 30] 3 5 provider Note 1 defined marker_bit1 5 provider Note 1 defined PTS [29 . . . 15] 15 5 provider Note 1defined marker_bit 1 5 provider Note 1 defined PTS [14 . . . 0] 15 5provider Note 1 defined marker_bit 1 5 provider Note 1 definedPES_private_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2 data_flag pack_header_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2field_flag program_packet_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2 sequence_(—) counter_flagP_STD_buffer_flag 1 1 1 Note 2 reserved 3 1 111b Note 2PES_extension_flag_2 1 1 0 Note 2 ‘01’ 2 2 01b Note 2 P_STD_buffer_scale1 2 1 Note 2 P_STD_buffer_size 13 2 58 Note 2 stuffing_byte — 0-7

[0104] TABLE 11 Audio Data Area (Linear PCM) Field Bit Byte ValueComment sub_stream_id 8 1 10100***b Note 1 number_of_frame_(—) 8 3Provider Note 2 headers Defined first_access_(—) 16 Note 3 unit_pointeraudio_emphasis_(—) 1 Note 4 flag audio_mute_flag 1 Note 5 reserved 1 0audio_frame_number 5 Provider Note 6 quantization_(—) 2 Defined Note 7word_length audio sampling 2 Note 8 frequency reserved 1 0 number_of_(—)3 3 Provider Note 9 audio_channels Defined dynamic_range_(—) 8 Note 10control In Table 11, Notes 1 to 10 are described as follows: Note 1: ***represents decoding an audio data stream number. Note 2:“number_of_frame_headers” describes the number of audio frames whosefirst byte is in this audio packet. Note 3: The access unit is the audioframe. The first access unit is the first audio frame which has thefirst byte of the audio frame. Note 4: “audio_emphasis_flag” describesthe state of emphasis. When “audio_sampling_frequency” is 96 KHz,“emphasis off” is described in this field. The emphasis is applied toall audio samples decoded from the first access unit. 0b: emphasis off1b: emphasis on Note 5: “audio_mute_flag” describes the state of mutewhile all data in the audio frame is ZERO. The mute is applied to allaudio samples decoded from the first access unit. Note 6:“audio_frame_number” describes the frame number of the first access unitin the Group of audio frame (GOF) with the numbers between ‘0’ and ‘19’.Note 7: “quantization_word_length” describes the word-length which theaudio samples are quantized to. 00b: 16 bits 01b: 20 bits 10b: 24 bits11b: reserved Note 8: “audio_sampling _frequency” describes the samplingfrequency of the audio sample. 00b: 48 KHz 01b: 96 KHz Others: reservedNote 9: “number_of_channels” describes the number of audio channels.000b: 1 ch (mono) 001b: 2 ch (stereo) 010b: 3 ch 011b: 4 ch 100b: 5 ch101b: 6 ch {close oversize brace} (multichannel) 110b: 7 ch 111b: 8 chNote 10: “dynamic_range_control” describes the dynamic word control wordto compress the dynamic range from the first access unit.

[0105] In the audio packets as shown in FIGS. 21A to 21D, the stream_idof the linear PCM audio packet is 1011 1101b (private_stream_1), and thesub_stream_id 1010 0***b. The stream_id of the AC-3 audio packet is 10111101b (private_stream_1), and the sub_stream_id 1000 0***b. Thestream_id of the MPEG audio packet is 1100 0***b or 1101 0***b, and nosub_stream_id. “***” in the stream_id or sub_stream_id indicates thedecoding audio stream number which has a value between “0” and “7”, andthe decoding audio stream numbers are not assigned the same numberregardless of the audio compression mode.

[0106]FIG. 22 illustrates the structure of the audio stream and packs.The audio data used in the DVD-Audio may include linear PCM data, dolbyAC-3 data and MPEG audio data. The audio stream further includes aplurality of audio packs. In addition, each audio pack constitutes aunit of 2048 bytes as shown in FIG. 22. In this case, the form ofencoding the linear PCM audio is based on Table 12. TABLE 12 Samplingfrequency(fs) 48 KHz 96 KHz Sampling Shall be simultaneous for allchannels Phase in a stream Quantization 16 bits or more, 2’scomplementary code Emphasis Can be applied Can not (zero point: 50 μs,be applied pole: 15 μs)

[0107] In Table 12, the audio stream data for linear PCM includescontiguous GOFs (Group of Audio Frames), each of which includes 20 audioframes except for the last GOF. The last GOF includes no more than 20audio frames.

[0108]FIG. 23 illustrates the structure of the audio frame. One audioframe includes sample data which correspond to the presentation time of{fraction (1/600)} second. One audio frame contains 80 or 160 audiosample data according to a frequency (fs) of 48 KHz or 96 KHz. One GOFcorresponds to the presentation time of {fraction (1/30)} second.

[0109]FIGS. 24A to 24C illustrate a sample data alignment for linearPCM. Sample data is formed by the data from each channel sampled out atthe same time. Therefore, the size of sample data varies with the audiostream attribute. The sampled data is continuously arranged. Two sampledata for each mode are shown in FIGS. 24A to 24C. FIG. 24A illustrates a16 bits mode, FIG. 24B illustrates a 20 bits mode and FIG. 24Cillustrates a 24 bits mode. The packet data structure of the linear PCMaudio is as shown in Table 13. TABLE 13 Data in a Packet Maximum PacketPadding packet Stream Mode number of Data Stuffing of for first/otherNumber of fs Quanti- samples in size first/other PES other PES Channels(KHz) zation a packet (byte) packet (byte) packet (byte) 1 48/96 16 10042008 2/5 0/0 mono 48/96 20 804 2010 0/3 0/0 48/96 24 670 2010 0/3 0/0 248/96 16 502 2008 2/5 0/0 stereo 48/96 20 402 2010 0/3 0/0 48/96 24 3342004 6/0 0/9 3 48/96 16 334 2004 6/0 0/9 48/96 20 268 2010 0/3 0/0 48 24222 1988 0/0 12/15 4 48/96 16 250 2000 0/0 10/13 48 20 200 2000 0/010/13 48 24 166 1992 0/0 18/21 5 48 16 200 2000 0/0 10/13 48 20 160 20000/0 10/13 48 24 134 2010 0/3 0/0 6 48 16 166 1992 0/0 18/21 48 20 1342010 0/3 0/0 7 48 16 142 1988 0/0 22/25 8 48 16 124 1984 0/0 26/29

[0110] If the number of samples is less than in Table 13, the length ofa padding packet may increase to adjust the pack size. Samples shall bealigned at packet boundary. Namely, the audio sample data of every audiopacket for linear PCM audio always start with the first byte of S_(2n)described in Table 13. The channel assignment for linear PCM is asfollows:

[0111] In the stereo presentation mode, the descriptions of channels,ACH0 and ACH1 correspond to left channel (L-ch) and right channel (R-ch)respectively. Multichannel coding is required to keep compatibility withthe stereo mode.

[0112] The structure of the DVD-Audio is as shown in FIG. 19. Since theDVD-Audio is to store audio data, it contains no video pack (V_PCK) orsub-picture pack (SP_PCK), or otherwise only small amounts of them. TheAOBS includes a plurality of packs of data as the VOBS does. The generalstructure of the audio pack is as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21A to 21D. Itis assumed that the inventive DVD-Audio does not employ MPEG and AC-3and instead records audio data of linear PCM and compression codingsystem.

[0113] Tables 10 and 11 illustrate the linear PCM audio packet of theDVD-Video, which may be altered to obtain the linear PCM audio packet ofthe DVD-Audio. Describing the linear PCM system of the DVD-Audio, thesampling frequencies are 48, 44.1, 96, 188.2, 192 or 176.4 KHz, thenumber of quantization bits is 16, 20 or 24 bits, and the number ofaudio channels is from 1 ch to the maximum allowed by the bit rate. Thenumber of the audio channels may be determined by Eq. 1. $\begin{matrix}{N = \frac{{Mb}\quad \gamma}{{Fs}*{Qb}}} & {{Eq}.\quad 1}\end{matrix}$

[0114] Fs: Sampling Frequency(Hz)→48 KHz, 44.1 KHz, 96 KHz, 88.2 KHz,192 KHz, or 176.4 KHz

[0115] Qb: Number of Quantization Bits→16 bits, 20 bits, or 24 bits

[0116] Mbγ: Maximum Data Transfer Rate of DVD(Mbps)→10.08 Mbps

[0117] N: Maximum Number of Possible Channels Determined by DataTransmission Rate, Sampling Frequency and Number of Quantization Bits ofDVD.

[0118] The number of channels determined by Eq. 1 is shown in Table 14.TABLE 14 Number of Maximum Sampling Quantization Number of FrequencyBits Channels 48 KHz/44.1 KHz 16 8 bits 48 KHz/44.1 KHz 20 8 48 KHz/44.1KHz 24 8 96 KHz/88.2 KHz 16 6 96 KHz/88.2 KHz 20 5 96 KHz/88.2 KHz 24 4192 KHz/176.4 KHz 16 3 192 KHz/176.4 KHz 20 2 192 KHz/176.4 KHz 24 2

[0119] The structure of the linear PCM audio pack of the DVD-Audio isconstructed as shown in FIG. 25, which is the same as that of theDVD-Video as shown in FIG. 21A. Namely, one audio pack comprises a packheader of 14 bytes and one or more linear PCM packets of at maximum 2021bytes. The pack header is based on an MPEG2 system layer.

[0120] The structure of the linear PCM audio packet is also based on theMPEG2 system layer. The linear PCM audio packet is constructed as shownin Tables 15 and 16. Table 15 has the same structure as Table 10 whileTable 16 for representing private data structure has a structuredifferent from that of Table 11. TABLE 15 Field Bit Byte Value Commentpacket_start_(—) 24 3 00 0001h code_prefix stream_id 8 1 1011 1101bprivate_(—) stream_1 PES_packet_(—) 16 2 length ‘10’ 2 3PES_scrambling_(—) 2 3 00b not control scrambled PES_priority 1 3 0 nopriority data_alignment_(—) 1 3 0 not indicator defined by descriptorcopyright 1 3 0 not defined by descriptor original_or_(—) 1 3 1 or 0original: 1 copy copy: 0 PTS_DTS_flags 2 3 10 or 00b ESCR_flag 1 3 0 noESCR field ES_rate_flag 1 3 0 no EST rate field DSTM_trick_(—) 1 3 0 notrick mode_flag mode field additional_copy_(—) 1 3 0 no copy info_flaginfo field PES_CRC_flag 1 3 0 no CRC field PES_extension_(—) 1 3 0 or 1flag PES_header_(—) 8 3 0 to 15 data_length ‘0010’ 4 5 provider Note 1defined PTS[32 . . . 30] 3 5 provider Note 1 defined marker_bit 1 5provider Note 1 defined PTS[29 . . . 15] 15 5 provider Note 1 definedmarker_bit 1 5 provider Note 1 defined PTS[14 . . . 0] 15 5 providerNote 1 defined marker_bit 1 5 provider Note 1 defined PES_private_(—) 11 0 Note 2 data_flag pack_header_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2 field_flagprogram_packet_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2 sequence_(—) counter_flag P_STD_(—) 1 11 Note 2 buffer_flag reserved 3 1 111b Note 2 PES_extension_(—) 1 1 0Note 2 flag_2 ‘01’ 2 2 01b Note 2 P_STD_buffer_(—) 1 2 1 Note 2 scaleP_STD_buffer_size 13 2 58 Note 2 stuffing_byte — 0-7

[0121] TABLE 16 Audio Data Area (Linear PCM) Field Bit Byte ValueComment sub_stream-id 8 1 10100***b Note 1 number_of_(—) 8 Provider Note2 frame_headers Defined first_access_(—) 16 Provider Note 3 unit_pointerDefined audio_emphasis_(—) 1 Provider Note 4 flag Defined audio_mute_(—)1 3 Provider Note 5 flag Defined reserved 1 0 audio_frame_(—) 5 ProviderNote 6 number Defined quantization_(—) 2 Provider Note 7 word_lengthDefined audio_sampling_(—) 3 Provider Note 8 frequency Definednumber_of_(—) 3 Provider Note 9 audio_channels Defined dynamic_range 8Provider Note 10 control Defined In Table 16, Notes 1 to 10 aredescribed as follows: Note 1: *** represents decoding the audio datastream number. Note 2: “number_of_frame_headers” describes the number ofaudio frames whose first byte is in this audio packet. Note 3: Theaccess unit is the audio frame. The first access unit is the first audioframe which has the first byte of the audio frame. Note 4:“audio_emphasis_flag” describes the state of emphasis. When“audio_sampling_frequency” is 96 KHz, “emphasis off” is described inthis field. The emphasis is applied to all audio samples decoded fromthe first access unit. 0b: emphasis off 1b: emphasis on Note 5:“audio_mute_flag” describes the state of mute while all data in theaudio frame is ZERO. The mute is applied to all audio samples decodedfrom the first access unit. 0b: mute off 1b: mute on Note 6:“audio_frame_number” describes the frame number of the first access unitin the Group of audio frame (GOF) with the numbers between ‘0’ and ‘19’.Note 7: “quantization_word_length” describes the word-length which theaudio samples are quantized to. 00b: 16 bits 01b: 20 bits 10b: 24 bits11b: reserved Note 8: “audio_sampling_frequency” describes the samplingfrequency of the audio sample. 00b: 48 KHz 01b: 96 KHz 10b: 192 KHz 11b:reserved 100b: 44.1 KHz 101b: 88.2 KHz 110b: 176.4 KHz 111b: reservedNote 9: “number_of_channels” describes the number of audio channels.0000b: 1 ch (mono) 0001b: 2 ch (stereo) 0010b: 3 ch 0011b: 4 ch 0100b: 5ch 0101b: 6 ch {close oversize brace} (multichannel) 0110b: 7 ch 0111b:8 ch Note 10: “dynamic_range_control” describes the dynamic word controlword to compress the dynamic range from the first access unit.

[0122] The packet data structure of the linear PCM audio andcorresponding frame size of 48 KHz/192 KHz are as shown in Table 17.TABLE 17 Data in a Packet Maximum Packet Padding packet Stream Modenumber of Data Stuffing of for first/other Number of fs Quanti- samplesin size first/other PES other PES Channels (KHz) zation a packet (byte)packet (byte) packet (byte) 1 48/96/192 16 1004 2008 2/5 0/0 mono48/96/192 20 804 2010 0/3 0/0 48/96/192 24 670 2010 0/3 0/0 2 48/96/19216 502 2008 2/5 0/0 stereo 48/96/192 20 402 2010 0/5 0/0 48/96/192 24334 2004 6/0 0/9 3 48/96/192 16 334 2004 6/0 0/9 48/96 20 268 2010 0/30/0 48/96 24 222 1988 0/0 12/15 4 48/96 16 250 2000 0/0 10/13 48/96 20200 2000 0/0 10/13 48/96 24 166 1992 0/0 18/21 5 48/96 16 200 2000 0/010/13 48/96 20 160 2000 0/0 10/13 48 24 134 2010 0/3 0/0 6 48/96 16 1661992 0/0 18/21 48 20 134 2010 0/3 0/0 48 24 110 1980 0/0 30/33 7 48 16142 1988 0/0 22/25 48 20 114 1995 0/0 15/18 48 24 94 1974 0/0 36/39 8 4816 124 1984 0/0 26/29 48 20 100 2000 0/0 10/13 48 24 82 1968 0/0 42/45 948 16 110 1980 0/0 30/33 48 20 88 1980 0/0 30/33 10 48 16 100 2000 0/010/13 48 20 80 2000 0/0 10/13 11 48 16 90 1980 0/0 30/33 12 48 16 821968 0/0 42/45 13 48 16 76 1976 0/0 34/37

[0123] If the number of samples is less than in Table 17, the length ofpadding packet may increase to adjust the pack size. Samples shall bealigned at the packet boundary. Namely, the audio sample data of everyaudio packet starts with the first byte of S_(2n). The number of theaudio samples in a packet always becomes even.

[0124] Thus, in DVD-Audio format, the linear PCM data is processed inframes and GOF. The DVD-Audio may use the sampling frequency of 192 KHz,whereby the basic rule of linear PCM coding may be set as shown in Table18. TABLE 18 Sampling 48 KHz/ 96 KHz/ 192 KHz/ frequency(fs) 44.1 KHz88.2 KHz 176.4 KHz Sampling Shall be simultaneous for all channel Phasein all streams Quantization 16 bits or more, 2’s complementary codeEmphasis Can be applied cannot be applied (zero point: 50 μs, pole: 5μs)

[0125] One audio frame contains 320 audio sample data when fs is 192KHz. One GOF corresponds to the presentation time of {fraction (1/30)}second as in the DVD-Video. The sampling frequency of 96 KHz is used toachieve multichannel to store quality audio data.

[0126] When recording the linear PCM audio data using the samplingfrequency of 48 KHz and quantization of 16 bits, 13 channels areavailable so as to record the audio data of 10 channels required by thepresent multichannel music. However, when using the sampling frequencyof 192 KHz and quantization of 24 bits, only 2 channels are available torecord audio data, which can not meet the requirement of themultichannel music. Namely, it is impossible to achieve multichannelaudio function with high sampling frequency and a great number of databits. However, such limitation may be resolved by lossless coding orpseudo-lossless coding. The compression ratio of lossless coding isabout 2:1 while that of pseudo-lossless psychoacoustic coding is about4:1.

[0127] It is assumed that the inventive DVD-Audio employs DTS (DigitalTheater System) coding which is pseudo-lossless psychoacoustic codingwith the compression ratio of about 4:1. Further, the DTS makes itpossible to perform lossless coding. The DTS can provide a sufficientnumber of channels without significant degradation of sound quality. Forthe DTS may carry out coding for a high specification with the samplingfrequency of 192 KHz and 24 bit quantization compared to differentcompression coding algorithms presently proposed, and has been developedto minimize degradation of sound quality instead of reducing the bitrate. The DTS has the sampling frequencies of 48 KHz, 44.1 KHz, 96 KHz,88.2 KHz, 192 KHz or 176.4 KHz, the quantization bit number of 16, 20and 24, and the number of channels from 1 ch coding to the maximumallowed by the bit rate. The number of audio channels may be determinedby Eq. 2. $\begin{matrix}{N = \frac{{Mb}\quad \gamma*{Cc}\quad \gamma}{{Fs}*{Qb}}} & {{Eq}.\quad 2}\end{matrix}$

[0128] Fs: Sampling Frequency(Hz)→48 KHz, 44.1 KHz, 96 KHz, 88.2 KHz,192 KHz, or 176.4 KHz

[0129] Qb: Number of Quantization Bits→16, 20, or 24

[0130] Mbγ: Maximum Data Transfer Rate of DVD(Mbps)→10.08 Mbps

[0131] Ccγ: Compression ratio of Pseudo-Lossless Psychoacoustic Coding

[0132] N: Maximum Number of Audio Channels Determined by Data TransferRate, Sampling Frequency and Number of Quantization Bits of DVD

[0133] Assuming the DTS coding with the compression ratio of 4:1 is usedfor compression coding, the number of channels determined by Eq. 2 is asshown in Table 19. Therefore, in accordance with Eq. 2, each samplingfrequency can support 8 or more channels. TABLE 19 Number of MaximumSampling Quantization Number of Frequency Bits Channels 48 KHz/44.1 KHz16 52 bits 48 KHz/44.1 KHz 20 42 48 KHz/44.1 KHz 24 35 96 KHz/88.2 KHz16 26 96 KHz/88.2 KHz 20 21 96 KHz/88.2 KHz 24 17 192 KHz/176.4 KHz 1613 192 KHz/176.4 KHz 20 10 192 KHz/176.4 KHz 24 8

[0134] Thus, the inventive DVD-Audio is constructed based on thestructure of the MPEG2 system layer, and therefore, the compressioncoded audio pack structure comprises a pack header of 14 bytes andcompression coded audio packets each having a maximum 2021 bytes, asshown in FIG. 26. The pack header meets the specification of MPEG2system layer.

[0135] The structure of the compression coded audio packet is also basedon the specification of MPEG2 system layer. The compression coded audiopacket is constructed as shown in Tables 20 and 21. The Table 20 has thesame structure as Table 10 presenting the structure of linear PCM audiopacket of the DVD-Video. TABLE 20 DTS Audio data area Field Bit ByteValue Comment packet_start_(—) 24 3 00 0001h code_prefix stream_id 8 11011 1101b private_(—) stream_1 PES_packet_length 16 2 ‘10’ 2 3PES_scrambling_(—) 2 3 00b not control scrambled PES_priority 1 3 0 nopriority data_alignment_(—) 1 3 0 not indicator defined by descriptorcopyright 1 3 0 not defined by descriptor original_or_(—) 1 3 1 or 0original: 1 copy copy: 0 PTS_DTS_flags 2 3 10 or 00b ESCR_flag 1 3 0 noESCR field ES_rate_flag 1 3 0 no EST rate field DSTM_trick_(—) 1 3 0 notrick mode_flag mode field additional_(—) 1 3 0 no copy copy_info__(—)info field flag PES_CRC_flag 1 3 0 no CRC field PES_extension_(—) 1 3 0or 1 flag PES_header_(—) 8 3 0 to 15 data_length ‘0010’ 4 5 providerNote 1 defined PTS[32 . . . 30] 3 5 provider Note 1 defined marker_bit 15 provider defined Note 1 PTS[29 . . . 15] 15 5 provider Note 1 definedmarker_bit 1 5 provider Note 1 defined PTS[14 . . . 0] 15 5 providerNote 1 defined marker_bit 1 5 provider Note 1 defined PES_private_(—) 11 0 Note 2 data_flag pack_header_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2 field_flagprogram_packet_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2 sequence_(—) counter_flagP_STD_buffer_(—) 1 1 1 Note 2 flag reserved 3 1 111b Note 2PES_extension_(—) 1 1 0 Note 2 flag_2 ‘01’ 2 2 01b Note 2 P_STD_(—) 1 21 Note 2 buffer_scale P_STD_(—) 13 2 58 Note 2 buffer_size stuffing_byte— 0-7

[0136] TABLE 21 Field Bit Byte Value Comment sub_stream_id 8 1 &&&&&***b Note 1 number_of_(—) 8 1 Provider Note 2 frame_headers Definedfirst_access_(—) 16 2 Provider Note 3 unit_pointer Defined

[0137] Thus, the DVD-Audio is provided with more than 8 channels toperform the compression coding, available sampling frequencies of 48KHz, 44.1 KHz, 96 KHz, 88.2 KHz, 192 KHz or 176.4 KHz, quantization bitnumber of 16, 20 or 24, compression ratio from 1:1 to over 5:1, downmixing, dynamic range control and time stamp.

[0138] The DTS compression algorithm used in the present embodiment hasa compression ratio low enough to provide significantly improved soundquality, and may optionally be employed in DVD-Video. The DVD-Video hasthe structures of DTS pack and packet and restricted items for DTS. Forthe restricted items, the bit rate after compression is limited up to1.5 Mbps and the sampling frequency for compressible data is only 48KHz. However, in the inventive DVD-Audio employing the DTS algorithm,the sampling frequency is extended to 192 KHz, quantization bit numberto 24 bits, multichannel data compressed to about 4:1, thereby providingdesirable sound quality. Namely, the compression coding used in theinventive DVD-Audio employs sampling frequencies of 48 KHz/44.1 KHz/96KHz/88.2 KHz/192 KHz/176.4 KHz and quantization bit number of 16 bits/20bits/24 bits so as to compress multichannel linear PCM data by about 4:1without degrading sound quality.

[0139] The DVD-Audio may additionally include VIDEO_TS and VMG for theinformation region in a structure which is the same as in the DVD-Videoin order to have compatibility with a DVD-Video player. However, theDVD-Video restricts the data transfer rate of an audio stream within6.144 Mbps, as shown in Table 11. TABLE 22 Transfer Rate Total StreamsOne Stream Note VOB 10.08 Mbps — Video 9.80 Mbps 9.80 Mbps Number ofStreams Streams = 1 Audio 9.80 Mbps 6.144 Mbps Number of Streams Streams= 8 (max) Sub-picture 9.80 Mbps 3.36 Mbps Number of Streams Streams = 32(max)

[0140] Hence, the DVD-Video player may reproduce only the datasatisfying the DVD-Video specification among the audio data of theDVD-Audio. The linear PCM data reproduced by the DVD-Video player is asshown in Table 7. Of course, compression coded DTS data is played by theDVD-Video player to reproduce only DTS streams specified by theDVD-Video. For example, it is assumed that the titles to be stored intoa DVD are as shown in Table 23. TABLE 23 Number of Sampling QuantizationNumber of Frequency Bits Channels Remark 48 KHz 16 8 ch Title 1 96 KHz16 4 ch Title 2 96 KHz 24 2 ch Title 3 96 KHz 24 4 ch Title 4 192 KHz 242 ch Title 5

[0141] Then, the VIDEO_TS and VMG are recorded with the attribute andposition information of Titles 1 to 3 but not with the information ofTitles 4 and 5. On the contrary, the AUDIO_TS and AMG of the DVD-Audioare recorded with the information of all the Titles 1 to 5 because theTitles 1 to 3 meet the specifications of both DVD-Video and DVD-Audiobut the Titles 4 and 5 only meet the specification of the DVD-Audio.Hence, the Titles 4 and 5 may be played only by the DVD-Audio player. Ifthere is an available space in the data zone, the Titles 4 and 5 may beseparately recorded in the available data space with the samplingfrequency, quantization bit number and channel number reduced, and theinformation on the Titles 4 and 5 are stored into the VIDEO_TS and VMG.Then, the Titles 4 and 5 may be reproduced by a DVD-Video player.

[0142] If the compression coding DTS does not meet the specification ofthe DVD-Video concerning data transfer rate, number of channels,sampling frequency of original data, quantization bit number, etc., theinformation is recorded only in the AUDIO_TS and AMG but not in theVIDEO_TS and VMG. Namely, only the DTS streams satisfying thespecification of the DVD-Video may be recorded in the VIDEO_TS and VMG.In order to reproduce the DTS streams not conforming to thespecification of the DVD-Video, they must be coded to meet the transferrate, number of channels, sampling frequency and quantization bit numberspecified for the DVD-Video, stored to be recorded in the VIDEO_TS andVMG.

[0143] The AMG and ATSI_MAT of the DVD-Audio has the same structure asthe VMG and VTSI of the DVD-Video. However, the audio data exceeding thespecification of the DVD-Video such as sampling frequency of 192 KHz and8 or more channels must be changed to be reproduced by the DVD-Videoplayer. Hence, the disk is made as follows:

[0144] When the content of a title to be recorded on the disk is withinthe specification of the DVD-Video, any one of the VMG and the AMG iskept to make the VIDEO_TS and AUDIO_TS direct the file through the VMGor AMG. Then, the DVD-Audio player regards the file as AMG to play whilethe DVD-Video player regards the file as VMG to play.

[0145] Meanwhile, if any of the titles to be recorded in the disk has anaudio stream which does not meet the specification of the DVD-Video,both the VMG and the AMG are kept together, and the VMG is not recordedwith the information on the titles which do not conform to thespecifications of the DVD-Video of course, the AMG has not recorded withthe information on the titles which have the sampling frequency, numberof quantization bits and number of channels altered to be compatiblewith the DVD-Video player.

[0146] However, when the AMG and ATSI_MAT of the DVD-Audio arestructured entirely different from the VMG and VTSI_MAT of theDVD-Video, both VMG and AMG must be prepared, and thus both VTSI_MAT andATSI_MAT. Of course, the VMG and VTSI_MAT are provided with theinformation on the audio titles conforming to the specification of theDVD-Video.

[0147] The apparatus for playing the DVD-Audio may be designedindependently from the DVD-Video player, but the inventive DVD-Audioplayer may be combined with the DVD-Video player.

[0148] Referring to FIG. 27 for illustrating the structure of aDVD-Audio player, a system controller 111 controls the whole operationof the DVD-Audio player, serving the user interface. The systemcontroller 111 determines whether the inserted disk is a DVD-Video orDVD-Audio by checking effective data included in the VIDEO_TS andAUDIO_TS directory. When it is checked that effective data exists fromthe AUDIO_TS directory, the system controller 111 determines theinserted disk to be a DVD-Audio and thus, controls its playingoperation. But if it is determined that no effective data exists fromthe AUDIO_TS, the system controller 111 determines the inserted disk tobe a DVD-Video, and thus, stops the playing operation.

[0149] A pickup device 112 is provided to read the data stored in theDVD-Audio. A servo controller 113 controls the pickup device 112 toperform various servo functions under the control of the systemcontroller 111. A data receiver 114 analyzes and corrects an erroroccurring in the data output from the pickup device 112, and includes anerror correction circuit. An audio decoder 115 transfers the audioinformation from the data receiver 114 to the system controller 111,decoding received audio data under the control of the system controller111.

[0150] The audio decoder 115 is designed to decode the linear PCM audiodata and compression coded audio data according to the presentinvention, as shown in FIG. 28. Referring to FIG. 28, an input databuffer 211 stores the audio data output from the data receiver 114. Astream selector 212 selectively outputs the audio data stream from theinput buffer 211 under the control of the system controller 111. Alinear PCM decoder 213 decodes linear PCM audio data received from thestream selector 212 to the original audio data. A coding data decoder(Pseudo-Lossless Psychoacoustic Decoding Circuit) 214 decodescompression coded data from the stream selector 212 to the originalaudio data. An output buffer 215 stores the audio data delivered by thedecoding parts 213 and 214. A digital audio formatter 216 converts theaudio data from the decoding parts 213 and 214 into a format specifiedby the system controller 111. The timing controller 210 generates timingcontrol signals to control the operations of the parts of the audiodecoder 115 under the control of the system controller 111.

[0151] A digital processor (High-bit High-sampling Digital Filter) 116filters audio data from the audio decoder 115 under the control of thesystem controller 111. An audio output circuit (High Performance Digitalto Analog Converters and Analog Audio Circuitry) 117 converts the audiodata from the digital processor 116 into an analog signal.

[0152] Referring to FIGS. 27 and 28, the data receiver 114 transfers theaudio data reproduced from a DVD-Audio through the pickup device 112 tothe audio decoder 115. The reproduced audio data are sequentially storedinto the input buffer 211 of the audio decoder 115. The audio datastored in the input buffer 211 are selected by the stream selector 212and transferred to the decoding parts 213 and 214. Namely, when thesystem controller 111 demands decoding of the linear PCM audio data, thestream selector 212 transfers the audio data stored in the input buffer211 to the linear PCM decoder. In addition, when the system controller111 demands decoding of the compression coded data, the stream selector212 transfers the audio data stored in the input buffer to the codingdata decoder 214.

[0153] Describing the decoding operation of the linear PCM audio data,the linear PCM decoder 213 generally performs multichannel downmixing,sampling frequency conversion and requantization of the input signal.For example, when 8-channel data produced from the stream selector 212is required to be converted into 2-channel data, the linear PCM decoder213 performs multichannel downmixing to produce an output of therequired channel number. Further, when the input data sampled at 192 KHzis required by the system controller 111 to be converted into datasampled at 96 KHz, the linear PCM decoder 213 performs the samplingfrequency conversion to produce audio data of the required samplingfrequency. In addition, when the input audio data of 24 bit quantizationis required by the system controller 111 to be converted into data of 16bit quantization, the linear PCM decoder 213 performs the requantizationprocess to produce audio data of the required number of bits.

[0154] Describing the decoding operation of the compression coded audiodata, the coding data decoder 214 decodes the compression coded audiodata by carrying out the corresponding algorithm under the control ofthe system controller 111. In this case, the form of the audio dataproduced from the coding data decoder 214 is specified by the systemcontroller 111. In the present embodiment, the coding data decoder 214may be a DTS decoder. In addition, the coding data decoder 214 alsocarries out the multichannel downmixing, sampling frequency conversionand requantization of the input signal together with the algorithmdecoding.

[0155] The audio data decoded by the decoding parts 213 and 214 istransferred to the output buffer 215 and digital audio formatter 216.The output buffer 215 stores the decoding audio data to synchronize witha control signal supplied by the timing controller 210. The digitalaudio formatter 216 adjusts the decoded audio data to the transmissionformat between the digital devices, synchronizing it with a controlsignal from the timing controller 210. In this case, the output audiodata may be delivered to an audio/video system or a computer having thesame transmission format.

[0156] The decoded audio data from the audio decoder 115 is processedthrough the digital processor 116 and converted by the audio outputcircuit 117 into an analog signal. The digital processor 116 comprises aplurality of digital filters to eliminate noises outside the audiosignal band. The digital processor 116 requires a filter coefficienthaving a much higher resolution and number of taps than the digitalfilters used in the conventional DVD or CD to process the audio datasampled at 192 KHz and quantized by 24 bits. Of course, when a D/Aconverter of 96 KHz and 192 KHz becomes commonly available, the digitalprocessor 116 may be included in the D/A converter. The audio outputcircuit 117 includes a plurality of D/A converters to convert the audiodata deprived of noises into an analog audio signal.

[0157] Referring to FIG. 29 for illustrating an apparatus for playingboth DVD-Video and DVD-Audio, the system controller 311 controls thewhole operation of the DVD-Audio/Video player, serving the userinterface. The system controller 311 determines whether the inserteddisk is a DVD-Video or DVD-Audio by checking effective data included inthe VIDEO_TS and AUDIO_TS directory. When there is effective data fromthe AUDIO_TS directory, the system controller 311 determines theinserted disk to be a DVD-Audio and thus, controls its playingoperation. But if there is no effective data from the AUDIO_TS, thesystem controller 311 determines the inserted disk to be a DVD-Video,stops the present DVD-Audio playback mode, and changes to the playbackmode of the DVD-Video.

[0158] A pickup device 312 is provided to read the data stored in theDVD-Audio. A servo controller 313 controls the pickup device 312 toperform various servo functions under the control of the systemcontroller 311. A data receiver 314 analyzes and corrects an erroroccurring in the data output from the pickup device 312, and includes anerror correction circuit. An audio/video decoder 315 transfers the audioinformation from the data receiver 314 to the system controller 311,decoding received audio data under the control of the system controller311.

[0159] The audio/video decoder 315 is designed to decode video data andaudio data, as shown in FIG. 30. Referring to FIG. 30, an input databuffer 411 stores the audio and video data output from the data receiver314. A stream parser 412 selectively outputs the audio and video datastream from the input buffer 411 under the control of the systemcontroller 311. An audio decoding circuit 413 decodes the audio dataselected by the stream parser 412 in response to a control data from thesystem controller 311. A decoding audio output circuit 414 outputs thedecoded audio data from the audio decoding circuit 413. A video decodingcircuit 415 decodes the video data selected by the stream parser 412 inresponse to a control signal of the system controller 311. A decodingvideo output circuit 416 outputs the decoded video data from the videodecoding circuit 415. A timing controller 410 generates timing controlsignals to control the operations of the parts of the audio/videodecoder 315 under the control of the system controller 311.

[0160] The audio decoding circuit 413 must be provided with decodingelements corresponding to a linear PCM system, an MPEG system, an AC-3system and a compression coding system. The linear PCM system andcompression coding system require additional elements to reproduce theaudio data recorded in the inventive DVD-Audio. Namely, the decodingelements are provided to reproduce the audio data formed by samplingfrequency, quantization bits and audio channels according to the presentinvention. Also provided is a stream selector to distribute the audiodata corresponding to the decoding elements.

[0161] A digital processor (High-bit High-sampling Digital Filter) 316filters audio data from the audio/video decoder 315 under the control ofthe system controller 311. An audio output circuit (High PerformanceDigital to Analog Converters and Analog Audio Circuitry) 117 convertsthe audio data from the digital processor 316 into an analog signal. Avideo output circuit (NTSC Encoder Video Digital to Analog Converter'sAnalog Video Circuitry) 318 encodes video data from the audio/videodecoder 315 in NTSC, converting the video data into an analog videosignal.

[0162] Referring to FIGS. 29 and 30, the data reproduced from the diskthrough the pickup device 312 is transferred to the data receiver 314 toanalyze it and correct an error in it, and is applied to the audio/videodecoder 315. The data produced from the data receiver 314 is applied tothe input buffer 411 of the audio/video decoder 315. The stream parser412 selects a required stream according to a control data of the systemcontroller 311, and analyzes the stream to deliver the video data to thevideo decoding circuit 415 and the audio data to the audio decodingcircuit 413.

[0163] The audio decoding circuit 413 transforms the audio data from thestream parser 412 according to the requirements of the system controller311. The audio decoding circuit 413 must include the decoding functionsto decode audio data of both DVD-Video and DVD-Audio. The video decodingcircuit 415 decodes and transforms the input video data. The video datatransformation means sub_title process, pan_scan, etc.

[0164] The decoded audio and video data are respectively transferred tothe decoding audio and video output circuits 414 and 416, and arefinally transmitted outside in synchronism with timing control signalsof the timing controller 410. The decoding audio output circuit 414adjusts the decoded audio data to the transmission format between thedigital devices. The audio data generated from the decoding audio outputcircuit 414 is transferred to a different audio/video system orcomputer.

[0165] As shown in FIG. 29, the audio/video decoder 315 follows thespecification of the DVD-Video when processing video signals, andcarries out both the inventive algorithm and the audio decodingalgorithm according to the specification of the DVD-Video. Thus, theaudio decoding circuit 413 contains the linear PCM and DTS algorithms ofthe audio specification of the DVD-Video, and therefore both DVD-Videoand DVD-Audio may be reproduced.

[0166] In this case, the algorithm required for the audio decoding ofthe DVD-Video indicates linear PCM decoding(1)+AC-3 decoding+MPEGdecoding while the algorithm required for the audio decoding of theDVD-Audio indicates linear PCM decoding(2)+coding data decoding(Pseudo-Lossless Psychoacoustic Decoding). Hence, the linear PCMalgorithm in the DVD-Video is included in the linear PCM algorithmaccording to the present invention. The decoding algorithm employed inthe DVD-Video and DVD-Audio includes the functions as expressed by Eq.3, carried out by the audio decoding circuit

Audio Decoder=Linear PCM Decoder(2)+Pseudo-Lossless PsychoacousticDecoder+AC-3 Decoder+MPEG Decoder.   Eq. 3

[0167] Thus, such an apparatus for playing both DVD-Video and DVD-Audiodetects the VIDEO_TS and AUDIO_TS of the inserted DVD to set the audiodecoding mode. The audio data of the DVD-Audio with the video dataeliminated is shown in Table 24. TABLE 24 Number of Required SamplingQuanti- Bit Rate Number of Data Frequency zation Bits per ChannelChannels Capacity 48 KHz 16 bits 768 Kbps 8 ch 5.99 Gbyte 20 bits 960Kbps 8 ch 5.76 Gbyte 24 bits 1.152 Mbps 8 ch 5.53 Gbyte 96 KHz 16 bits1.536 Mbps 6 ch 5.53 Gbyte 20 bits 1.920 Mbps 5 ch 5.76 Gbyte 24 bits2.304 Mbps 4 ch 5.53 Gbyte

[0168] The compression coding system specified in the DVD-Video maycompress data at a maximum of 448 Kbps. The sampling frequency to allowcompression is 48 KHz, and the number of quantization bits to allowcompression is 16 bits. Hence, the amount of data to be handled islimited, and the compression ratio is about 10:1. Therefore, it isunsuitable for audio data, especially in view of sound quality. If thecompression algorithm is a dolby AC-3 algorithm, the quantization systemis 16 bit linear PCM, the sampling frequency is 48 KHz, the maximumnumber of channels to record at is a maximum of 6 ch (one of the audiochannels having a subwoofer channel containing audio data below 200 Hzand using 0.1 of that channel), and possible bit rate is 192 Kbps-448Kbps. The dolby AC-3 algorithm is very limited in the number ofquantization bits, the sampling frequency, and the high compressionratio, resulting in serious degradation of sound quality and is thusunsuitable for audio use exclusively. In addition, when the compressionalgorithm is MPEG2 algorithm, the quantization system is 16 bits-24 bitslinear PCM, the sampling frequency is 48 KHz, the maximum number ofchannels to record is 8 ch (one of the audio channels having a subwooferchannel containing audio data below 200 Hz and using 0.1 of thatchannel), and the possible bit rate is 64 Kbps-912 Kbps. This algorithmhas a high quantization bit number for possible coding and a highchannel number to record, but the sampling frequency is limited and thecompression ratio high, thereby causing degradation of sound quality.

[0169] However, assuming that the transfer rate is 10.08 Mbps and thetime for reproducing is 80 minutes for the DVD-Audio, the linear PCMaudio is achieved as shown in Table 25. Furthermore, even in the casethat the sampling frequency is 44.1 KHz, 88.2 KHz and 176.4 KHz, the PCMaudio may have similar values as those shown in Table 25. TABLE 25Number of Required Sampling Quanti- Bit Rate Number of Data Frequencyzation Bits per Channel Channels Capacity 48 KHz 16 bits 768 Kbps 13 ch5.99 Gbyte 48 KHz 20 bits 960 Kbps 10 ch 5.76 Gbyte 24 bits 1.152 Mbps 8ch 5.53 Gbyte 96 KHz 16 bits 1.536 Mbps 6 ch 5.53 Gbyte 20 bits 1.920Mbps 5 ch 5.76 Gbyte 24 bits 2.304 Mbps 4 ch 5.53 Gbyte 192 KHz 16 bits3.072 Mbps 3 ch 5.53 Gbyte 20 bits 3.840 Mbps 2 ch 4.61 Gbyte 24 bits4.608 Mbps 2 ch 5.53 Gbyte

[0170] Employing DTS in the compression coding system, the quantizationuses 16 bit, 20 bit or 24 bit linear PCM, a sampling frequency of 48KHz, 44.1 KHz, 96 KHz, 88.2 KHz, 192 KHz or 176.4 KHz, the maximumnumber of channels to record is 13 ch, and the compression ratio isabout 4:1. The DTS compression coding has a high quantization bit numberand sampling frequency with a reduced compression ratio, keeping highsound quality.

[0171] As described above with reference to FIGS. 27 and 29, the audioor audio/video player determines the kind of DVD by checking ifeffective data is stored in the AUDIO_TS directory. Namely, theDVD-Audio player performs the reproducing function or not according towhether is effective data stored in the AUDIO_TS directory. Theaudio/video player as shown in FIG. 29 performs the audio or videoplaying function according to whether effective data stored in theAUDIO_TS directory.

[0172]FIG. 31 describes the operation of the inventive concept withreference to the audio/video player as shown in FIG. 29. An inserted DVDis checked by the system controller 311 in steps 511, and the content ofthe AUDIO TS directory is read in step 513. In step 515, it is checkedwhether there is effective data stored in the AUDIO TS directory. If theinserted DVD is a DVD-Video, there is no effective data in the AUDIO_TSdirectory. Namely, the DVD-Video has the AUDIO_TS directory, but it isempty. However, if the inserted DVD is a DVD-Audio, the AUDIO_TSdirectory contains the information on the positions of the audio data asshown in FIGS. 10 to 18C.

[0173] Detecting effective data in the AUDIO_TS directory in step 515,the system controller 311 determines the inserted disk as being aDVD-Audio in step 517. In step 519, the position of the AMG as shown inFIGS. 10 and 11 is located by reading the AUDIO_TS directory. Then, thepickup device 312 is moved to the position of the AMG in the DVD in step521, where the AMG is read to confirm the information on the placesstoring the entire audio data. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the AMGcontains the information on all audio titles stored in the DVD-Audio aswell as the attribute and position information of each title.

[0174] In step 523, the system controller 311 checks whether there is ademand for reproducing a specific audio title. The demand is made by theuser or a command stored in the DVD-Audio. Detecting the demand toreproduce a title, the system controller 311 locates the position of thetitle in the disk according to the position information obtained fromthe AMG in step 525, and in step 527, moves the pickup device 312 to theposition of the ATSI_MAT of the title to read it. In step 529, theinformation of the ATSI_MAT as shown in FIGS. 15 to 18C is analyzed todetermine the reproducing algorithm by discovering the kind andattribute of the audio title to play. In step 531, the audio decodingcircuit 413 of the audio/video decoder 315 is set to the selected audiodata from the DVD-Audio according to the reproducing algorithm. Theinformation required to set the audio decoding circuit 413 are the audiocoding mode, the sampling frequency, the quantization bit number and thechannel number. Finally, the selected title is decoded by the audiodecoding circuit 413 played in step 533.

[0175] On the other hand, if there is no effective data in the AUDIO_TSdirectory in step 515, the system controller 311 determines the inserteddisk as being a DVD-Video, and in step 537, the position of the VMG islocated by reading the VIDEO_TS directory. Then, the pickup device 312is moved to the position of the VMG in the DVD in step 539, where theVMG is read to confirm the information on the places storing the entirevideo data. Thereafter, if there is a demand to reproduce a title, thevideo, sub-picture and audio data of the selected title are playedaccording to the information stored in the VTSI_MAT.

[0176] Likewise, a DVD-Audio player, which only reproduces data from aDVD-Audio, also performs the steps 511 to 533 for the DVD-Audio, butstops the playing operation for a DVD-Video.

[0177] After setting the audio decoding circuit 413 according to theinformation stored in the ATSI_MAT, the system controller 311 analyzesthe audio pack stored in the data area of a DVD-Audio from step 533going through the steps as shown in FIG. 32.

[0178] In step 611, the system controller 311 commands a decodingoperation of the audio decoding circuit 413, and in step 613, controlsthe stream parser 412 to transfer the received audio data to the audiodecoding circuit 413 provided with the corresponding audio algorithm.Then, the audio decoding circuit 413 decodes the received audio dataaccording to the algorithm set by the system controller 311. Here, thesystem controller 311 checks the operational state of the audio decodingcircuit 413 in step 615. Detecting an abnormal state of the audiodecoding circuit, the process proceeds to step 621 to control thedecoding circuit 413 to stop the decoding operation, and the streamparser 412 is controlled to stop transferring data. Then, afterperforming the repair algorithm according to the abnormal state, theprocess is returned to step 611.

[0179] However, if the audio decoding circuit 413 performs the decodingoperation normally in step 615, the decoded audio data is output throughthe decoding audio output circuit 414 in step 617. Thereafter, theoperational state of the audio decoding circuit 413 is checked again instep 619. Detecting the abnormal state, the process proceeds to the step621, or otherwise the process is returned to decode the next audio data.When the audio stream is fully decoded by the audio decoding circuit413, the system controller 311 controls the digital processor 316 andaudio output circuit 317 to convert the decoded audio data into ananalog signal.

[0180] Thus, the inventive DVD includes a VIDEO_TS and AUDIO_TSdirectory to make it possible to distinguish a DVD-Audio from aDVD-Video by checking effective data stored in the AUDIO_TS directory.The DVD-Audio may be recorded with the audio data sampled at a maximumof 192 KHz and quantized by 24 bits. Further, audio channels may beextended greatly. Therefore, by reproducing the audio data in the DVDaudio, it is possible to reproduce an audio signal of high quality whichis suitable for multi-channel music. The number of channels limited bythe data transfer speed, the sampling frequency and the quantization bitnumber is extended by using a coding algorithm.

[0181] In the case where the linear PCM data sampled at the samplingfrequency of 192 KHz is divided into the linear PCM data of 96 KHz andthe data of 192 KHz so that the data of 96 KHz is recorded by thelossless psychoacoustic coding, the DVD of the present invention recordsthe audio titles at the sampling frequency of 192 KHz in the AUDIO_TSdirectory by linear PCM lossless coding, and records the video titles atthe sampling frequency of 96 KHz in the VIDEO_TS directory by linear PCMcoding. The DVD-audio player reads the AUDIO_TS to demodulate the databy the lossless psychoacoustic coding, and mixes it with the data of 96KHz to reproduce it into the data of 192 KHz. The DVD-video player readsthe VIDEO_TS directory to reproduce the data of 96 KHz. That is, byrecording one title into the AUDIO_TS and VIDEO_TS separately, theDVD-audio player may reproduce the data at 192 KHz and the DVD-videoplayer may reproduce the data at 96 KHz.

[0182] Furthermore, in the case where the music data sampled at the 44.1KHz for an existing CD is provided to the DVD, the music data of 44.1KHz should be converted into the music data of 48 KHz in order toprovide it by using the conventional DVD-video format. Undesirably,however, the audio data may be degraded during the conversion. The DVDaccording to the present invention can support the audio frequencysampled at 44.1 KHz in DVD-audio format. Thus, it is possible to recordthe audio data as it is without conversion of the sampling frequency andprovide it together with the video data, thereby providing the audiosound of high quality.

[0183] Preferably, a general DVD-video player should be connected to theDVD-audio player which can reproduce the 24-bit data of 192 KHz, sincethe general DVD-video has a specification inferior to that of theDVD-audio.

What is claimed is:
 1. A DVD-Audio disk comprising: a data zone to storedata to be reproduced; and an information zone to store information onsaid data to be reproduced; wherein said information zone includesdirectories of a video title set (VIDEO_TS) and an audio title set(AUDIO_TS), said AUDIO_TS directory including information on an audiomanager (AMG) having information on audio titles; and wherein said datazone includes said audio titles each having audio title set information(ATSI) followed by a plurality of contiguous audio objects (AOBs), saidATSI includes a plurality of audio stream attributes each having anaudio coding mode, a first, second or third quantization bit numbercorresponding to the data to be reproduced, a first, second or thirdsampling frequency corresponding to the data to be reproduced, anddecoding algorithm information relating to a number of audio channels ofthe data to be reproduced, and each of said AOBs includes a plurality ofaudio packs recorded with audio data corresponding to the decodingalgorithm stored in the audio stream attribute.
 2. A DVD-Audio disk asclaimed in claim 1, wherein if said audio coding mode is linear pulsecode modulated (PCM) audio, said first to third quantization bit numbersare respectively 16 bits, 20 bits and 24 bits, said first to thirdsampling frequencies are respectively 48 KHz, 96 KHz and 192 KHz, and amaximum number of said audio channels is
 8. 3. A DVD-Audio disk asclaimed in claim 1, wherein if said audio coding mode is a compressioncoding system, said first to third quantization bit numbers of the audiodata before compression are respectively 16 bits, 20 bits and 24 bits,said first to third sampling frequencies are respectively 48 KHz, 96 KHzand 192 KHz, and a maximum number of said audio channels is
 8. 4. ADVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 1, wherein said VIDEO_TS directoryincludes information on a position of a video manager (VMG) havinginformation on positions of said audio titles reproducible by aDVD-Video player, said VMG being recorded with the information on saidaudio titles, and each of said audio titles including video title setinformation and a plurality of contiguous video objects (VOBs).
 5. ADVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 2, wherein said VIDEO_TS directoryincludes information on a position of a video manager (VMG) havinginformation on positions of said audio titles reproducible by aDVD-Video player, said VMG being recorded with the information on saidaudio titles, and each of said audio titles including video title setinformation and a plurality of contiguous video objects (VOBs).
 6. ADVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 3, wherein said VIDEO_TS directoryincludes information on a position of a video manager (VMG) havinginformation on positions of said audio titles reproducible by aDVD-Video player, said VMG being recorded with the information on saidaudio titles, and each of said audio titles including video title setinformation and a plurality of contiguous video objects (VOBs).
 7. Anapparatus for playing a DVD-Audio disk, wherein the DVD-Audio diskincludes a data zone to store data to be reproduced by the apparatus andan information zone to store information on said data to be reproduced,said information zone includes directories of a video title set(VIDEO_TS) and an audio title set (AUDIO_TS), wherein said AUDIO_TSdirectory includes information on an audio manager (AMG) havinginformation on audio titles, wherein said data zone includes said audiotitles each having audio title set information (ATSI) followed by aplurality of contiguous audio objects (AOBs), said ATSI includes aplurality of audio stream attributes each having an audio coding mode, afirst, second or third quantization bit number corresponding to the datato be reproduced, a first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixthsampling frequency corresponding to the data to be reproduced, anddecoding algorithm information relating to a number of audio channels ofthe data to be reproduced, and each of said AOBs includes a plurality ofaudio packs recorded with audio data corresponding to the decodingalgorithm stored in the audio stream attribute, said apparatuscomprising: a data receiver to receive said audio data retrieved fromthe DVD-Audio disk; a controller to generate an audio control signalincluding said audio coding mode, the one of said first through sixthsampling frequencies, the number of audio channels, and the one of saidfirst through third quantization bit numbers based upon information onsaid audio data if said Audio_TS has effective data, and stopping aplaying operation of said apparatus if said Audio_TS does not haveeffective data; an audio decoder to decode said audio data, tomulti-channel mix, sampling-frequency convert and requantize saiddecoded audio signal according to said audio control signal, to generateoutput decoded audio data; and an audio output circuit to convert saidoutput decoded audio data into an analog audio signal.
 8. An apparatusas claimed in claim 7, wherein said audio decoder further comprises: astream selector to select one of a plurality of audio streams which formsaid audio data according to said audio coding mode; a linear PCMdecoding circuit to decode said selected audio stream if said selectedaudio stream is a linear PCM audio stream, and to sample frequencyconvert, multichannel downmix and requantize said decoded audio dataaccording to said audio control signal; and a coding data decodingcircuit to decode said selected audio stream if said selected audiostream is a compression coded audio stream using a correspondingextension algorithm, and to sample frequency convert, multichanneldownmix and requantize said decoded audio data according to said audiocontrol signal.
 9. An apparatus for playing a DVD-Audio disk and aDVD-Video disk, wherein said DVD-Audio disk includes a data zone tostore data to be reproduced by the apparatus and an information zone tostore information on said data to be reproduced, said information zoneincludes directories of a video title set (VIDEO_TS) and an audio titleset (AUDIO_TS), wherein said AUDIO_TS directory includes information onan audio manager (AMG) having information on audio titles, wherein saiddata zone includes said audio titles each having audio title setinformation (ATSI) followed by a plurality of contiguous audio objects(AOBs), said ATSI includes a plurality of audio stream attributes eachhaving an audio coding mode, a first, second or third quantization bitnumber corresponding to the data to be reproduced, a first, second,third, fourth, fifth or sixth sampling frequency corresponding to thedata to be reproduced, and decoding algorithm information relating to anumber of audio channels of the data to be reproduced, and each of saidAOBs includes a plurality of audio packs recorded with audio datacorresponding to the decoding algorithm stored in the audio streamattribute, said DVD-Video disk including a data zone to store videodata, said apparatus comprising: a data receiver to receive said audiodata retrieved from said DVD-Audio disk when said DVD-Audio disk isloaded in said apparatus for reproduction, and to receive said videodata retrieved from said DVD-Video when said DVD-Video disk is loaded insaid apparatus for reproduction; a controller to generate an audiocontrol signal including said audio coding mode, the one of said firstthrough sixth sampling frequencies, the number of audio channels, andthe one of said first through third quantization bit numbers based uponinformation on said audio data if said Audio_TS has said effective data,and stopping a playing operation of said apparatus if said Audio_TS doesnot have said effective data; a stream parser to separate said videodata and audio data output from said data receiver according to a modecontrol signal from said controller; a video decoding circuit to decodesaid video data output from said stream parser in response to saidcontroller controlling a DVD-Video playing mode of said apparatus; avideo output circuit to encode said video data output from said videodecoding circuit in NTSC, and to convert said encoded video data into ananalog video signal; an audio decoder having a plurality of audiodecoding circuits to decode said audio data output from said streamparser by selecting a corresponding decoding circuit according to saidaudio coding mode, and to multi-channel mix, sampling-frequency convertand requantize said decoded audio signal according to said audio controlsignal, to generate an output decoded audio signal; and an audio outputcircuit to convert said output decoded audio signal into an analog audiosignal.
 10. An apparatus as defined in claim 9, wherein said audiodecoder further comprises: a stream selector to select one of aplurality of audio streams which form said audio data according to saidaudio coding mode control signal to deliver said selected audio streamto the corresponding one of said plurality of audio decoding circuits;said plurality of audio decoding circuits including a linear pulse codemodulated (PCM) decoding circuit to decode said selected audio streamwhen said selected audio stream is a linear PCM audio stream, and tosampling frequency convert, multichannel downmix and requantize saiddecoded linear PCM audio stream according to said audio control signal,and a coding data decoding circuit to decode said selected audio streamwhen said selected audio stream is a compression coded audio stream by acorresponding extension algorithm, and to sampling frequency convert,multichannel downmix and requantize said decoded compression coded audiostream according to said audio control signal.
 11. A method for playinga DVD-Audio disk, wherein the DVD-Audio disk includes a data zone tostore data to be reproduced by the apparatus and an information zone tostore information on said data to be reproduced, said information zoneincludes directories of a video title set. (VIDEO_TS) and an audio titleset (AUDIO_TS), wherein said AUDIO_TS directory includes information onan audio manager (AMG) having information on audio titles, wherein saiddata zone includes said audio titles each having audio title setinformation (ATSI) followed by a plurality of contiguous audio objects(AOBs), said ATSI includes a plurality of audio stream attributes eachhaving an audio coding mode, a first, second or third quantization bitnumber corresponding to the data to be reproduced, a first, second,third, fourth, fifth or sixth sampling frequency corresponding to thedata to be reproduced, and decoding algorithm information relating to anumber of audio channels of the data to be reproduced, and each of saidAOBs includes a plurality of audio packs recorded with audio datacorresponding to the decoding algorithm stored in the audio streamattribute, said method comprising the steps of: locating the AMG whenthe AUDIO_TS directory includes effective data; checking out otherinformation of said DVD-Audio disk from the information of the AMG;reading position data of one of said audio titles selected according toposition information of the AMG upon receiving a command for reproducingsaid one of said audio titles; and setting an audio decoder to carry outan algorithm for reproducing said one of said audio titles by readingthe audio stream attribute of the corresponding ATSI-MAT.
 12. ADVD-Audio disk comprising: digital audio data; sampling frequency data;a maximum number of quantization bits information; and maximum datatransfer rate information; wherein said digital audio data is sampled atsaid maximum frequency and quantized in said maximum number of bits witha number of channels of said digital audio data limited by said maximumdata transfer rate.
 13. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 12, furthercomprising compression ratio information of coding of said digital audiodata, wherein said number of channels of said digital audio data alsolimited by said compression ratio information.
 14. A DVD-Audio disk asclaimed in claim 13, wherein said digital audio data is coded as one oflossless psychoacoustic coding and pseudo-lossless psychoacousticcoding.
 15. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 14, wherein saidlossless psychoacoustic coding and pseudo-lossless psychoacoustic codingare performed with a DTS coding system.
 16. A DVD-Audio disk as claimedin claim 13, wherein said digital audio data is coded as linear pulsecode modulated (PCM) coding.
 17. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim12, wherein said sampling frequency is approximately 192 KHz, saidmaximum bit rate is approximately 10.08 Mbps and the number of channelsis
 8. 18. A DVD-Audio disk comprising: a data storage area to storeaudio data to be reproduced, audio titles each having an audio title setmanagement table followed by a plurality of contiguous audio objects, aplurality of audio stream attributes each having an audio coding mode, aquantization bit number, a sampling frequency and decoding algorithminformation relating to a number of audio channels of said audio data,wherein each of said audio objects includes a plurality of audio packshaving portions of said audio data corresponding to said decodingalgorithm stored in said audio stream attribute.
 19. A DVD-Audio disk asclaimed in claim 18, wherein each of said audio packs comprises: a packheader; a packet header; a sub-stream identification value; stuffingframe information; audio frame information; and one of said portions ofsaid audio data.
 20. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 19, whereinsaid pack header is 14 bytes, said packet header is 1 byte, saidsub-stream identification value is 1 byte, said stuffing frameinformation is 1 byte, said audio frame information is 3 bytes, and saidone portion of said audio data is between 1 and 2013 bytes of linearpulse code modulated (PCM) data.
 21. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed inclaim 18, wherein each of said audio packs comprises: a pack header; apacket header; a sub-stream identification value; audio frameinformation; and one of said portions of said audio data.
 22. ADVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 21, wherein said pack header is 14bytes, said packet header is 1 byte, said sub-stream identificationvalue is 1 byte, said audio frame information is 3 bytes and said oneportion of said audio data is between 1 and 2016 bytes of Dolby AC-3data.
 23. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 18, wherein each of saidaudio packs comprises: a pack header; a packet header; and one of saidportions of said audio data.
 24. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim21, wherein said pack header is 14 bytes, said packet header is 1 byte,and said one portion of said audio data is between 1 and 2020 bytes ofMPEG data.
 25. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 18, wherein each ofsaid audio packs comprises: a pack header; a first packet header for amain audio frame; a first one of said portions of said audio data insaid main audio frame; a second packet header for an extension audioframe; and a second one of said portions of said audio data in saidextension audio frame.
 26. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 25,wherein said pack header is 14 bytes, said first packet header is 1byte, said first portion of said audio data is between 1 and 1152 bytesof MPEG data, said second packet header is 1 byte, and said secondportion of said audio data is between 1 and 1584 bytes of MPEG data. 27.A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 18, wherein each of said audiopacks further comprises a padding packet which is increased based upon anumber of samples of said audio data.
 28. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed inclaim 18, wherein said sampling frequency is approximately 48 KHz, saidquantization bit number is 24 bits, and said number of audio channels is10, when said audio data is linear pulse code modulated (PCM) data. 29.A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 18, wherein a compression rate ofsaid audio data is approximately 2:1 for lossless psychoacoustic codingand approximately 4:1 for lossless pseudo psychoacoustic coding.
 30. Anapparatus to reproduce data from a DVD, comprising: a reading unit toread the data from the DVD; a system controller to determine if an audiotitle set (AUDIO_TS) of the DVD includes effective data, and controlsreproduction of the DVD in a DVD-Audio format if said AUDIO_TS includessaid effective data.
 31. An apparatus as claimed in claim 30, furthercomprising: a data receiver to corrects errors in the read data; anaudio decoder to decode said corrected data; a digital processor tofilter said decoded data; and an audio output circuit to convert saidfiltered data to an analog audio signal.
 32. An apparatus as claimed inclaim 31, wherein said audio decoder comprises: a stream selector todetermine whether said corrected data is linear pulse code modulated(PCM) coded or compression coded; a linear PCM decoder to decode saidlinear PCM data to processed data according to a linear PCM decodingmethod; a coding data decoder to decode said compression coded data tosaid processed data according to a corresponding compression decodingmethod; and a digital formatter to format said processed data as saiddecoded data.
 33. An apparatus as claimed in claim 30, wherein saidsystem controller controls reproduction of the DVD in a DVD-Video formatif said AUDIO_TS does not include said effective data.
 34. An apparatusas claimed in claim 33, further comprising: a data receiver to correctserrors in the read data; an audio/video decoder to decode said correcteddata; a video output circuit to convert said decoded data to an analogvideo signal, if said decoded data is indicative of video informationand said system controller reproduces the data of the DVD in theDVD-Video format; a digital processor to filter said decoded data ifsaid decoded data is indicative of audio information, wherein saidsystem controller; and an audio output circuit to convert said filtereddata to an analog audio signal.
 35. An apparatus as claimed in claim 34,wherein said video output circuit encodes said decoded data in NTSC togenerate said analog video data.
 36. An apparatus as claimed in claim34, wherein said audio/video decoder comprises: a stream parser todivide said corrected data which is indicative of said video informationfrom said corrected data which is indicative of said audio information;a video decoder to decode said corrected data indicative of said videoinformation, to generate said decoded data indicative of said videoinformation; and an audio decoder to decode said corrected dataindicative of said audio information, to generate said decodedinformation indicative of said audio information.
 37. An apparatus asclaimed in claim 36, wherein said audio decoder includes: a linear PCMdecoder; a Dolby AC-3 decoder; a coding data decoder; and an MPEGdecoder; wherein said system controller drives the corresponding one ofsaid linear PCM decoder, Dolby AC-3 decoder, coding data decoder, andMPEG decoder, to decode said corrected data indicative of said audioinformation based upon a coding format of said corrected data indicativeof said audio information.
 38. A method of reproducing data from a DVD,wherein the DVD has a data zone and an information zone, saidinformation zone storing directories of a video title set (VIDEO_TS) andan audio title set (AUDIO_TS), wherein said AUDIO_TS includesinformation on an audio manager (AMG) which stores information on audiotitles and said VIDEO_TS includes information on a video manager (VMG)which stores information on video titles, said method comprising thesteps of: determining whether effective data is stored in said AUDIO_TS,and determining that the disk is a DVD-AUDIO if said effective data isstored in said AUDIO_TS and that the disk is a DVD-Video if saideffective data is not stored in said AUDIO_TS; locating said AMG byreading said AUDIO_TS if the disk is said DVD-Audio; finding adesignated one of said audio titles located from said AMG if the disk issaid DVD-Audio; determining a coding format of said designated audiotitle and selecting a corresponding decoding format if the disk is saidDVD-Audio; and reproducing said designated audio title using saiddetermined decoding format if the disk is said DVD-Audio.
 39. A methodas claimed in claim 38, further comprising the steps of: locating saidVMG by reading said VIDEO_TS if the disk is said DVD-Video; finding adesignated one of said video titles located from said VMG if the disk issaid DVD-Video; and reproducing said designated video title if the diskis said DVD-Video.
 40. A method as claimed in claim 38, wherein saidstep of reproducing said designated audio title comprises the steps of:driving an audio decoding circuit to decode audio data of said audiotitle; determining operational state of audio decoding circuit; decodingsaid audio data using said audio decoding circuit, confirming saidoperational state of said audio decoding circuit, and outputting saiddecoded audio data if said operational state is normal; and stopping thedrive of said audio decoding circuit, performing a repair algorithm onsaid audio data and restarting the drive of said audio decoding circuit,if said operational state is abnormal.
 41. A method as claimed in claim38, wherein said step of reproducing said designated audio titlecomprises the steps of: driving an audio decoding circuit to decodeaudio data of said audio title; determining operational state of audiodecoding circuit; decoding said audio data using said audio decodingcircuit, confirming said operational state of said audio decodingcircuit, and outputting said decoded audio data if said operationalstate is normal; and stopping the drive of said audio decoding circuit,performing a repair algorithm on said audio data and restarting thedrive of said audio decoding circuit, if said operational state isabnormal.
 42. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 1, wherein if saidaudio coding mode is linear pulse code modulated (PCM) audio, a maximumnumber of said audio channels is determined by the following Eq. 1:$\begin{matrix}{{N = \frac{{Mb}\quad \gamma}{{Fs}*{Qb}}},} & {{Eq}.\quad 1}\end{matrix}$

wherein Fs is the sampling frequency(Hz), Qb is the quantization bitnumber, Mbγ is the maximum data transfer rate(Mbps) of the DVD-Audiodisk, and N is the maximum number of said audio channels determined bythe data transfer rate, sampling frequency and quantization bit numberof the DVD-Audio disk.
 43. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 1,wherein if said audio coding mode is a compression coding system, amaximum number of said audio channels is determined by the following Eq.2: $\begin{matrix}{{N = \frac{{Mb}\quad \gamma*{Cc}\quad \gamma}{{Fs}*{Qb}}},} & {{Eq}.\quad 2}\end{matrix}$

wherein Fs is the sampling frequency(Hz), Qb is the quantization bitnumber, Mbγ is the maximum data transfer rate(Mbps) of the DVD-Audiodisk, Ccγ is a compression ratio according to a DTS compression codingsystem and N is the maximum number of said audio channels determined bydata transfer rate, sampling frequency and quantization bit number ofthe DVD-Audio disk.
 44. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 1, whereinif said audio coding mode is linear pulse code modulated (PCM) audio,said first to third quantization bit numbers are respectively 16 bits,20 bits and 24 bits, said first to third sampling frequencies arerespectively 44.1 KHz, 88.2 KHz and 176.4 KHz, a maximum number of saidaudio channels is 8, and the number of said channels is determined bythe following equation: ${N = \frac{{Mb}\quad r}{{Fs}*{Qb}}};$

wherein, Fs is the sampling frequency (Hz) of the data to be reproduced,Qb is the quantization bit number (bits) of the data to be reproduced,Mbr is a maximum data transfer rate (Mbps) of the DVD-Audio disk, N is amaximum number of recording channels as determined by the maximum datatransfer rate, sampling frequency and quantization bit number of theDVD-Audio disk.
 45. A DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 1, wherein ifsaid audio coding mode is pseudo lossless compression coding, said firstto third quantization bit numbers of the data to be reproduced beforecompression are respectively 16 bits, 20 bits and 24 bits, said first tothird sampling frequencies are respectively 44.1 KHz, 88.2 KHz and 176.4KHz, a maximum number of said audio channels 8, and the number of saidchannels is determined by the following equation:${N = \frac{{Mb}\quad r*{Cc}\quad r}{{Fs}*{Qb}}};$

wherein, Fs is the sampling frequency (Hz) of the data to be reproduced,Qb is the quantization bit number (bits) of the data to be reproduced,Mbr is a maximum data transfer rate (Mbps) of the DVD-Audio disk, Ccr isa compression ratio according to a DTS compression coding system, and Nis a maximum number of recording channels determined by the maximum datatransfer rate, sampling frequency and quantization bit number of theDVD-Audio disk.
 46. A DVD-Audio disk comprising: a data zone; andVIDEO_TS and AUDIO_TS directories positioned at said data zone; whereinsaid AUDIO_TS directory includes positional information of an audiomanager (AMG), wherein the AMG stores positional information of audiotitles of the DVD-Audio disk; wherein said data zone includes said audiotitles which include an audio title set information (ATSI) and aplurality of contiguous audio objects (AOBs); wherein each ATSI includesaudio stream attributes having an audio coding mode, first, second orthird quantization bits corresponding to the audio data, a first,second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth sampling frequency correspondingto the audio data and decoding algorithm information related to an audiochannel number of the audio; and wherein each AOB includes a pluralityof audio packs having the audio data corresponding to the decodingalgorithm recorded on said audio stream attributes.
 47. A DVD-Audio diskas claimed in claim 46, wherein if said audio coding mode is linearpulse code modulated (PCM) audio, said first to third quantization bitnumbers are respectively 16 bits, 20 bits and 24 bits, said first tosixth sampling frequencies are respectively 48 KHz, 44.1 KHz, 96 KHz,88.2 KHz, 192 KHz and 176.4 KHz, a maximum number of said audio channelsis 8, and the number of said channels is determined by the followingequation: ${N = \frac{{Mb}\quad r}{{Fs}*{Qb}}};$

wherein, Fs is the sampling frequency (Hz), Qb is the quantization bitnumber (bits), Mbr is a maximum data transfer rate (Mbps) of theDVD-Audio disk, and N is a maximum number of recording channelsdetermined by the maximum data transfer rate, sampling frequency andquantization bit number of the DVD-Audio disk.
 48. A DVD-Audio disk asclaimed in claim 46, wherein if said audio coding mode is pseudolossless compression coding, said first to third quantization bitnumbers of the audio data before compression are respectively 16 bits,20 bits and 24 bits, said first to sixth sampling frequencies arerespectively 48 KHz, 44.1 KHz, 96 KHz, 88.2 KHz, 192 KHz and 176.4 KHz,a maximum number of said audio channels is 8, and the number of channelsis determined by the following equation:${N = \frac{{Mb}\quad r*{Cc}\quad r}{{Fs}*{Qb}}};$

wherein, Fs is the sampling frequency (Hz) of the audio data, Qb is thequantization bit number (bits) of the audio data, Mbr is a maximum datatransfer rate (Mbps) of the DVD-Audio disk, Ccr is a compression ratioaccording to a DTS compression coding system, and N is a maximum numberof recording channels determined by the maximum data transfer rate,sampling frequency and quantization bit number of the DVD-Audio disk.49. A DVD-Audio disk comprising: a video directory; and an audiodirectory; wherein both of said video and audio directories contain onlyaudio information.
 50. The DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 49,wherein the audio information in said video directory has samplingfrequencies of at least one of 44.1 Khz, 48 KHz, 88.2 KHz and 96 KHz andthe audio information in said audio directory has sampling frequenciesof at least one of 44.1 Khz, 48 KHz, 88.2 KHz, 96 KHz, 176.4 KHz and 192KHz.
 51. The DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 50, wherein the audioinformation in said video directory has a sampling frequency of 96 KHz,and the audio information in said audio directory has a samplingfrequency of 192 KHz.
 52. The DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 50,wherein the audio information in said video directory has a samplingfrequency of 88.2 KHz, and the audio information in said audio directoryhas a sampling frequency of 176.4 KHz.
 53. A DVD-Audio disk comprising:a video title set directory; and an audio title set directory to storeaudio data and control data for allowing reproduction of the audio data.54. The DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 53, wherein the control datacomprises a logical data structure containing information on the audiodata.
 55. The DVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 53, wherein said videotitle set directory also stores audio data.
 56. The DVD-Audio disk asclaimed in claim 55, wherein the audio data in said video title setdirectory has a first sampling frequency no greater than a limit of aDVD-Video standard, and, the audio data in said audio title setdirectory has a second sampling frequency above the limit.
 57. TheDVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 55, wherein the audio data in saidvideo title set directory has sampling frequencies of at least one of44.1 Khz, 48 KHz, 88.2 KHz and 96 KHz and the audio data in said audiotitle directory has sampling frequencies of at least one of 44.1 Khz, 48KHz, 88.2 KHz, 96 KHz, 176.4 KHz and 192 KHz.
 58. The DVD-Audio disk asclaimed in claim 55, wherein the audio data in said video title setdirectory has a sampling frequency of 96 KHz, and the audio data in saidaudio title set directory has a sampling frequency of 192 KHz.
 59. TheDVD-Audio disk as claimed in claim 58, wherein the audio data in saidvideo title set directory has a sampling frequency of 88.2 KHz, and theaudio data in said audio title set directory has a sampling frequency of176.4 KHz.
 60. An apparatus to reproduce data from a DVD, comprising: areading unit to read the data from the disk; and a system controller todetermine if an audio directory of the DVD includes audio data andcontrol information of the audio data, and controls reproduction of theaudio data from the audio directory if the audio directory includes theaudio data and the control information of the audio data.
 61. Theapparatus as claimed in claim 60, wherein said system controllercontrols the reproduction of the audio data from the audio directorywhen the audio data from the audio directory has a sampling frequency ofone of 176.4 KHz and 192 KHz.
 62. A method of reproducing data from aDVD, wherein the DVD has a video directory and an audio directory, saidmethod comprising the steps of: determining whether audio data andcontrol information is stored in audio directory determining that theDVD is a DVD-Audio if the audio data and control information is storedin the audio directory and that the DVD is a DVD-Video if the audio dataand control information of the audio data is not stored in the audiodirectory; and reproducing the audio data from the audio directoryaccording to the control information if the DVD is the DVD-Audio andreproducing the audio data from the audio video directory if the DVD isthe DVD-Video.
 63. The method as claimed in claim 62, wherein said stepof reproducing the audio data comprises the steps of: determining acoding format of the audio data and selecting a corresponding decodingformat if the DVD is the DVD-Audio; and reproducing the audio data usingsaid determined decoding format if the DVD is said DVD-Audio.
 64. Themethod as claimed in claim 62, wherein the audio data from the audiodirectory of the DVD-Audio has a sampling frequency of one of 176.4 KHzand 192 KHz, and the audio data from the video directory of theDVD-Video has a sampling frequency of one of 88.2 KHz and 96 KHz.